The reaction of various 1,7‐dienes in the presence of the three‐component catalyst A: [Ru3(CO)12]/imidazolinium salt/Cs2CO3 (1:1:2) leads to the tandem alkene isomerisation/Claisen rearrangement affording γ,δ‐unsaturated aldehydes. Other three component catalysts: [Ru3(CO)12]/diimine/Cs2CO3 and [Ru3(CO)12]/benzoxazoline or chiral bis(oxazoline)/Cs2CO3 offer new active catalytic systems for these tandem reactions. Two ruthenium complexes containing optically active bis(oxazoline), [RuCl{(R,R)‐bis(oxazoline)}(p‐cymene)]BF4, were prepared and the X‐ray structure of one of them (18) was established. The combination of chiral 18/imidazolinium salt/Cs2CO3 (1:1:2) catalysed the above reaction of 1,6‐dienes and the results suggest initial catalytic isomerisation followed by a thermal Claisen rearrangement. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)