Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Networks Grown on Silicon Nanoparticles as Li-Ion Anodes

Grinbom, Gal; Muallem, Merav; Itzhak, Anat; Zitoun, David; Nessim, Gilbert Daniel

doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b05709

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a previous work, we showed the growth of CNTs on the surface of silicon particles coated with a thin iron oxide, where iron oxide was first reduced (like in our case) by an annealing in reductive atmosphere (Ar/H 2 ), with subsequent dewetting of the iron surface into nanosized dots, which were the nucleation sites for CNT growth (see Figure 1 and 2 in 58 ). Although in this previous work the iron oxide layer was thin and could dewet, we (and others) have shown that direct growth on bulk ironcontaining materials such as stainless steel can grow CNTs.…”

Section: Acs Applied Nano Materialssupporting

confidence: 58%

Natural Laterite as a Catalyst Source for the Growth of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanospheres

Kumar

Kostikov

Orberger

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the closest structure to ideal one-dimensional (1D) conductors, have stimulated substantial interest in the last decades for many applications in the field of nanotechnology. Unfortunately, the high cost of efficient metal catalysts limits the large-scale exploitation of carbon nanomaterials' synthesis processed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). However, minor or even trace amounts of metal or metal oxides in the ideal form to be used as catalysts can be easily found in almost all-natural materials. Herein, we report on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes and nanospheres obtained via CVD from a natural laterite, as a catalyst source. The synthesized nanostructures were carefully analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), micro-Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In particular, we investigated and discussed the structural properties of the catalyst nanoparticles and of the produced carbon nanomaterials as well as the influence of temperature on the activity of the laterite based catalyst. At 700 °C, mainly CNTs grew, whereas at 800 °C carbon nanospheres start to form and they become clearly visible in the form of continuous networks of spheroidal structures in the samples grown at 900 °C. The obtained yields indicate that it could be possible to scale up the synthesis of CNTs to be used in technological applications, starting from natural mineral oxide sources.

show abstract

Section: Acs Applied Nano Materialssupporting

confidence: 58%

Natural Laterite as a Catalyst Source for the Growth of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanospheres

Kumar

Kostikov

Orberger

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Impressive results were achieved in previous reports where CNTs grown on the surface of Si particles for battery applications, however in these reports, CNTs were not structured in secondary particles. − As a result, these batteries were only tested in low loading levels and show poor CE. In contrast, our CVD process on secondary particles reduces the BET surface area and therefore improves the CEs of the material .…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Carbon-Coated Silicon/Iron Silicide Secondary Particles for Li-Ion Batteries

Groombridge

Verpilliere

et al. 2019

ACS Nano

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of better Li-ion battery (LIB) electrodes requires an orchestrated effort to improve the active materials as well as the electron and ion transport in the electrode. In this paper, iron silicide is studied as an anode material for LIBs because of its higher conductivity and lower volume expansion compared to pure Si particles. In addition, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be synthesized from the surface of iron-silicides using a continuous flow coating process where precursors are first spray dried into micrometer-scale secondary particles and are then flown through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor. Some CNTs are formed inside the secondary particles, which are important for short-range electrical transport and good utilization of the active material. Surface-bound CNTs on the secondary particles may help establish a long-range conductivity. We also observed that these spherical secondary particles allow for better electrode coating quality, cyclability, and rate performance than unstructured materials with the same composition. The developed electrodes retain a gravimetric capacity of 1150 mAh/g over 300 cycles at 1A/g as well as a 43% capacity retention at a rate of 5 C. Further, blended electrodes with graphite delivered a 539 mAh/g with high electrode density (∼1.6 g/cm3) and areal capacity (∼3.5 mAh/cm2) with stable cycling performance.

show abstract

“…To the best of our knowledge, the Si/MWCNTs composites in ZIBs and AIBs are poorly researched. Nevertheless, several studies could be identified for LIBs, proposing approaches for Si nanoparticles (NPs) integrated into CNTs, such as covalent bonding between Si NPs and CNTs , and growth of CNTs on Si. , According to Martin et al , the presence of CNTs’ covalent bonds close to Si NPs improved the electronic pathway to the active material particles and prevented silicon destruction by improving the electrode’s mechanical stability at the nanoscale level. In comparison to the simple mixing of the two compounds, the integration resulted in greater cycling ability and higher capacity in the composite electrode .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Si-Coated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Potential Electrodes for Multivalent Metal-Ion Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present paper, we report the chemical vapor deposition of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) coating on stainless steel substrates and the coverage of the individual CNTs by a silicon (Si) thin layer. The study's goal is to create and evaluate electrochemically Si/MWCNT composites with varying Si loadings to act both as a mechanical support and electrical conducting path to the current collector. MWCNTs incorporated efficiently into the Si layer on their surface and aided Si's poor stability while maintaining its high-capacity values. The Si/ MWCNT composite electrodes operated in a wide potential window of 1.7 V with improved Q/V ratios (charge to voltage) and retention over cycling compared to plain MWCNTs and Si electrodes, despite the similar surface area. In addition, the composite electrodes displayed a larger integration area in cyclic voltammograms, distinct charge/discharge plateaus, and wider discharge potential, indicating a higher energy storage capacity and high relative voltammetric charge retention. In particular, the Si/ MWCNT electrodes demonstrated relative voltammetric charge retentions of 99.3% and 68% at 100 mV s −1 and stable Q/V ratios of 231 and 209 mF cm −2 at a current density of 2 mA cm −2 with retention maintained at 100% after 30 cycles in ZnSO 4 and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 aqueous electrolytes, respectively. Although the Q/V ratios may have distinct origins, we assumed that both electrolytes incorporate a mix of surface and bulk contributions. A combination of both ionic diffusion and pseudocapacitive behavior is displayed. Combined charge storage mechanisms are present at different electrode states, indicating the electrolyte ions' adsorption (surfacecontrolled) and insertion (diffusion-controlled) in the active sites of the composites. The results suggested that the pseudocapacitive nature combined with the reversible diffusion of ions during redox reactions worked synergistically to increase contributions to the overall Q/V ratios. The storage of ions is facilitated by the small ionic radius of Al 3+ (0.53 Å) and Zn 2+ (0.75 Å) ions. Diffusion coefficient values of Al 3+ (4.58 × 10 −11 cm 2 s −1 ) are higher than those of Zn 2+ (3.16 × 10 −11 cm 2 s −1 ) during oxidation but lower at reduction processes (6.02 × 10 −11 and 7.1 × 10 −11 cm 2 s −1 ). As a result, the Al 3+ ions are less effective while extracted with reduced reversibility than Zn 2+ ions. Agglomerations of smaller ions stored in electrodes might confine the extraction process and possibly the overall stability over intense cycling. The faradaic performance on the one side coupled with the semi-infinite diffusion and pseudocapacitive behavior could offer a promising utilization as working electrodes in Zn 2+ and Al 3+ ion hybrid energy storage systems.

show abstract

Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Networks Grown on Silicon Nanoparticles as Li-Ion Anodes

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Natural Laterite as a Catalyst Source for the Growth of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanospheres

Natural Laterite as a Catalyst Source for the Growth of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanospheres

Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Carbon-Coated Silicon/Iron Silicide Secondary Particles for Li-Ion Batteries

Investigation of Si-Coated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Potential Electrodes for Multivalent Metal-Ion Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About