Synthesis of Carbonyl Compounds by Gold-Catalyzed Carbonylation Reactions

Abstract

In recent years, carbonylation reactions has experienced rapid progress and has become the essential and efficient strategies for the large-scale preparation of carbonyl compounds. Although palladium, rhodium, iridium, ruthenium and cobalt are the dominating catalysis in carbonylation reactions, the gold has emerged as a selectable catalysis in some specific carbonylation reactions in the past two decades. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous gold catalysis have been studied in carbonylation reactions. Herein, we briefly reviewed the history of gold catalyzed carbonylation reactions, including carbonylation of olefins, methanol and amines. It also highlights our recent works on synergistic Au/Cu-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of amines. 1 Introduction 2 Carbonylation of olefins 3 Carbonylation of methanol 4 Carbonylation of amines 4.1 Gold catalysis 4.2 Bimetallic Au-M catalysis 5 Conclusion and Outlook

How To Get Isocyanate?

“…The oxidative carbonylation of amines necessitates the presence of oxidants, such as molecular oxygen, − nitro compounds, iodine, quinone, its derivatives, or unsaturated organic substances. , Among these, molecular oxygen serves as the primary oxidant. This reaction entails a mixture of CO and O 2 , which can be potentially explosive within a specific concentration range.…”

“…The oxidative carbonylation of amines necessitates the presence of oxidants, such as molecular oxygen, 25 − 27 nitro compounds, iodine, quinone, its derivatives, 28 or unsaturated organic substances. 29 , 30 Among these, molecular oxygen serves as the primary oxidant.…”

Gold-Catalyzed Alkoxy-Carbonylation of Organohalides

“…9 As far as gold-catalyzed carbonylation reactions are concerned, there exist several reports in both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic systems where CO has been utilized as a C1 synthon (Scheme 1b). 10 In particular, the Souma group reported the synthesis of gold(I) carbonyl compounds, by treating Au2O3 with CO in concentrated H2SO4, and showed their catalytic activity for the carbonylation of alkenes. 11 Similarly, Yamanaka, 12 Angelici, 13 Friend, 14 Li, 15 Bertrand, 16 Echavarren, 17 Koper, 18 He, 19 and others 20 reported the gold-mediated carbonylation reaction of alcohols and amines.…”