“…The core-shell architecture could be achieved by direct deposition of different types of natural/synthetic polyelectrolytes (CS, PEI, humic acid, PAH, PVAm, PAA, PSS etc.) on 2D-cores, such as GO [21][22][23]25,115,116] and Ti 3 C 2 -MXenes [117], or 3D-cores, including Fe 3 O 4 [57,108,122,123,126,127], SiO 2 [24,28,83,90,100,101,103,109], SiO 2 /Fe 3 O 4 [88,128], PS [91], FeS [129], clays [99,111,112], CaCO 3 [102], mesoporous diatomite [89], natural fibers [107] and sand [123]. The direct deposition of the organic or organic/inorganic "shell" onto inorganic or organic "core" could be carried out in (i) one-step, by physisorption [21,89,108,111,112], grafting [23,83,88,100,115,117], ionic or solvent gelation/precipitation [25,27,…”