Synthesis of Cold Antihydrogen in a Cusp Trap

Enomoto, Y.; Kuroda, N.; Michishio, Koji; Kim, C. H.; Higaki, Hidehiko; Nagata, Y.; Kanai, Yasuyuki; Torii, H. A.; Corradini, M.; Leali, M.; Lodi-Rizzini, E.; Mascagna, V.; Venturelli, L.; Zurlo, N.; Fujii, Keisuke; Ohtsuka, M.; Tanaka, Kazuo; Imao, H.; Nagashima, Yasuyuki; Matsuda, Y.; Juhász, B.; Mohri, A.; Yamazaki, Y.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.105.243401

Cited by 143 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Low-energy antihydrogen was first synthesized 2 in 2002. This feat was later repeated [7][8][9] , and in 2010 antihydrogen was successfully trapped 3 to facilitate its study. It was subsequently shown that antiatoms could be held 4 for up to 1,000 s, and various measurements have been performed on antihydrogen in the context of tests of CPT symmetry [10][11][12] or gravitational studies 13 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Observation of the 1S–2S transition in trapped antihydrogen

Ahmadi

Alves

Baker

et al. 2016

Nature

130

140

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The spectrum of the hydrogen atom has played a central part in fundamental physics over the past 200 years. Historical examples of its importance include the wavelength measurements of absorption lines in the solar spectrum by Fraunhofer, the identification of transition lines by Balmer, Lyman and others, the empirical description of allowed wavelengths by Rydberg, the quantum model of Bohr, the capability of quantum electrodynamics to precisely predict transition frequencies, and modern measurements of the 1S-2S transition by Hänsch 1 to a precision of a few parts in 10 15 . Recent technological advances have allowed us to focus on antihydrogen-the antimatter equivalent of hydrogen 2-4 . The Standard Model predicts that there should have been equal amounts of matter and antimatter in the primordial Universe after the Big Bang, but today's Universe is observed to consist almost entirely of ordinary matter. This motivates the study of antimatter, to see if there is a small asymmetry in the laws of physics that govern the two types of matter. In particular, the CPT (charge conjugation, parity reversal and time reversal) theorem, a cornerstone of the Standard Model, requires that hydrogen and antihydrogen have the same spectrum. Here we report the observation of the 1S-2S transition in magnetically trapped atoms of antihydrogen. We determine that the frequency of the transition, which is driven by two photons from a laser at 243 nanometres, is consistent with that expected for hydrogen in the same environment. This laser excitation of a quantum state of an atom of antimatter represents the most precise measurement performed on an anti-atom. Our result is consistent with CPT invariance at a relative precision of about 2 × 10 −10 .

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confidence: 99%

Observation of the 1S–2S transition in trapped antihydrogen

Ahmadi

Alves

Baker

et al. 2016

Nature

130

140

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“…Then the peak becomes broader. After 5-10 s, the peak starts to split into two, which indicates the axial separation ofps towards the two potential maxima [2,6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By using a single-cusp configuration with a combination of a superconducting anti-Helmholtz coil and a stack of multiple-ring electrodes (MRE), antihydrogen synthesis [6] and extraction of an antihydrogen beam [2] were successfully demonstrated.…”

Section: Musashi Trapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 3 × 10 5 of slowps were captured at the mixing region and mixed with e + s. A field ionization well (FIW) at z = −0.06 to 0.03 m shown as shaded area in Fig. 2 (c) was prepared at the downstream of the mixing region, where a strong electric field was provided to field-ionize antihydrogen atoms at a high-Rydberg state [6,8]. The maximum field strength on the axis was around 103 V/cm, which ionized antihydrogens at n > 42.…”

Section: Musashi Trapmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antihydrogen Synthesis in a Double-Cusp Trap

Kuroda

Tajima

Radics

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Low Energy Antiproton Physics (LEAP2016)

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The ASACUSA CUSP experiment plans a high precision spectroscopy of the ground-state hyperfine splitting of antihydrogen to test CPT symmetry. To perform this, a Rabi-like antiatomic beam method has been developed with a novel double-cusp trap. Antihydrogen atoms were synthesized in the double-cusp trap by directly injecting antiprotons from an accumulation trap into a positron plasma. By adjusting the energy difference between the incoming antiproton beam and the positron plasma, a high-rate production of antihydrogen atoms was observed.

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“…Since the maser confines atoms in a teflon coated box which is currently not feasible for antimatter, the experimental method consists of the formation of an antihydrogen beam and a measurement using a spin-flip cavity and a sextupole magnet [3,4] as spin analyzer like it was done initially for hydrogen. A major milestone was achieved in 2010 when antihydrogen was first synthesized by ASACUSA in a so-called cusp trap [5]. In the first phase of this proposal, an antihydrogen beam will be produced and the H hyperfine splitting will be measured to a precision of below 10 −6 using a single microwave cavity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%