Synthesis of complex ceramics by mechanochemical activation

Sritharan, Thirumany; Boey, Freddy Yin Chiang; Srinivas, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.04.079

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The main advantage of the mechanochemical method is that the solid-state reactions are carried out at room temperature instead of high temperature. Practically, it is a high energy milling process that involves repeated mixing, deformation, comminuting, welding and re-welding of the reactant powder particles in a closed vial of a planetary ball mill [10][11][12][13]. Here, the solid-state reactions are progressed by the kinetic energy transferred from the milling balls to the milled powders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Nano Calcium Silicate Particles at Room Temperature

Singh¹,

Karmakar²

2011

NJGC

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Nano-sized calcium silicate powders were synthesized at room temperature by the new mechanochemical method using a high energy planetary ball mill. The formation of calcium silicate from its raw materials (calcium carbonate and dehydrated silica gel) was monitored by the XRD analysis with progression of ball milling. It is observed that the synthetic process comes to an end through the following three sequential stages: comminution of raw materials, recombination of comminuted raw materials to final product, and comminution of final product to smaller sizes. The nanostructure of the synthesized powder was realized by the FESEM photomicrograph, TEM image and XRD analyses. These analytical observations have revealed that the nano-sized polycrystalline calcium silicate particles are formed after about 6 h of ball milling and they are spheroidal in shape. The average particle size of the as-generated calcium silicate nanocrystalline powders is found to be around 21 nm which decreases with increasing ball milling but increases with annealing at elevated temperature

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Nano Calcium Silicate Particles at Room Temperature

Singh¹,

Karmakar²

2011

NJGC

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“…The chemical reactivity could be enhanced by MA because a part of mechanical energy could be converted into internal energy of the milled object [9]. Currently, MA has been used in a variety of areas, such as nanomatrix composites, dispersed alloy materials, metallic refinery, ore treatment, waste disposal, organic material synthesis and so on [10][11][12][13]. We have also successfully used MA for modification of starch before [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of mechanical activation on the graft copolymerization of sugarcane bagasse and acrylic acid

Huang

Liang

et al. 2009

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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“…Nanoparticles of CaSiO 3 by mechanochemical technique at room temperature without thermal treatment, is a novel process and was not widely illustrated in literatures. Practically, it consumed excessive energy because of the too much processes involved such as mixing, deformation, comminuting and welding the reactant particles in ball mill . High purity CaCO 3 and dehydrated silica gel (SiO 2 ) were used to synthesize CaSiO 3 at approximately 27 °C by the mechanochemical solid state method in high energy planetary ball mill.…”

Section: Transesterification Procedures Using Silicates Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of silicates as a catalyst in biodiesel production: A review

Shimi

Attia

Diwani

et al. 2016

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Summary Hiking of crude oil prices and diesel fuel shortage is incentive for the researchers to develop bioenergy sources. Biodiesel has environmental beneficial attributes, and its production processes are worthy of continued studies. Many biodiesel production processes are available but, most of them are not on a commercial scale. Biodiesel production using solid catalysts involved fewer unit operations compared with homogeneous catalyzed processes. Many heterogeneous catalysts have been extensively investigated in the recent years and well established. Researchers' focus is how to obtain active and more stable silicates catalyst that can be recycled for several times in the process. Silicates catalyst activity and stability are critically discussed in this work to assess their industrial application, as excessive purification steps could be avoided. This review provides a brief overview on semi‐novel heterogeneous catalyst types ‘silicates’ used in the transesterification of vegetable oils for biodiesel production. Process conditions and leaching out of catalyst active sites are also highlighted. Product quality analysis is presented, in addition to concluded remarks regarding silicates as a selected catalyst. A preliminary economic assessment of biodiesel production catalyzed by the suggested catalyst ‘silicates’ compared with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and lime (CaO) is performed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Synthesis of complex ceramics by mechanochemical activation

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Nano Calcium Silicate Particles at Room Temperature

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Nano Calcium Silicate Particles at Room Temperature

Influence of mechanical activation on the graft copolymerization of sugarcane bagasse and acrylic acid

Investigation of silicates as a catalyst in biodiesel production: A review

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