Synthesis of duplex nanoparticles in polyimide by the reaction of polyamic acid with Cu–Zn alloy films

Highly Propylene-Selective Mixed-Matrix Membranes by in Situ Metal–Organic Framework Formation Using a Polymer-Modification Strategy

“…Also, the relative intensities of those peaks decreased compared with that of the C–C stretching in the aromatic rings at a wavenumber of 1485 cm –1 (Figure a). To quantify imidization, the degree of imidization (DI) was commonly used as an indicator and calculated as below − where A is the intensity of IR absorbance and the subscripts are the wavenumbers of the assigned IR peaks. A pristine 6FDA-DAM film was used as a standard, assuming 100% imidization.…”

“…41 Previous studies 34,41 showed that Zn ion-coordinated polymer (PAA-Zn), in particular, exhibited a lower DI (Equation 1) than PAA as well as PAAs coordinated with other metal ions. Kim et al 34 found that a relatively high imidization temperature (≥250 °C) was required in order to disengage coordinated Zn ions from chelate complexes and to form imide groups. As shown in the TGA weight loss and its derivative curve in Figure S7, the imidization started from ∼150 °C with the maximum rate at ∼250 °C.…”

Fabrication of Copper Nanoparticles in a Thick Polyimide Film Cured by Rapid Thermal Annealing

“…The details of the mechanism of nanoparticle formation was explained in our previous paper. 36 According to our previous results, 19 the Cu 2 O nanoparticles were fabricated when the imidization degree of the PI/Cu stack, which was furnace-cured in high purity nitrogen, was 64%. In the case of the 10 wt% PI/Cu stack cured by the RTA, the imidization degree was 72%, which reveals that the thermal imidization of the PAA/Cu stack by the RTA performed well and led to the formation of Cu nanoparticles in the PI film.…”

“…In our case, the 2.5 wt% PI/Si sample cured in the furnace at 350 C for 2 hours in high purity nitrogen is used as the standard sample because it has the highest imidization degree and was used as the standard sample in our previous papers. [19][20][21] The imidization degrees of the samples are summarized in Table I. Before the curing process, the peak occurred around 1359 cm −1 , indicating that the imidization to PI did not appearas, can be seen in Figure 1(a).…”

“…[28][29][30][31] The imidization process of BPDA-PDA type PAA is described in our previous paper. 19 Figure 1 shows the FT-IR spectra of 2.5 wt% PAA/Si, 10 wt% PAA/Si, and 10 wt% PI/Cu/SiO 2 /Si samples, both before and after curing by the RTA or in a furnace.…”