Synthesis of epoxy polymers from bisphenols with bulky substituents

Cardo polyheteroarylenes. Synthesis, properties, and characteristic features

“…The softening temperatures of the oligoepoxides based on phenolphthalein, phenolfluorene, and phenolanthrone are 36,72, and 79 °C respectively [for comparison we may note that the softening temperature of the oligomer based on2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propaneis -5 °C]. 116 Cardo oligoepoxides are very reactive and are easily hardened on treatment with various acid and basic hardening agents. The deformation heat resistance of the polyepoxides based on the diglycidyl ethers of phenolphthalein, phenolfluorene, and phenolanthrone, hardened by trimellitic anhydride, are 300,330, and 315 °C respectively, while the decrements in mass after heating for 1 h at 300 °C are 14.8,9.5, and 8.2% respectively [for comparison we may note that the deformation heat resistance and the decrease in mass of the polyepoxides based on bis(hydroxyphenyl)propane are 250 °C and 44.6%].…”

“…Hence it follows that the cardo epoxide polymers have more effective thermal characteristics. 116 R'(OH), + 2H 2 C-CH-CH 2 C1 + 2NaOH…”

Melatonin protects embryonic development and maintains sleep/wake behaviors from the deleterious effects of fluorene‐9‐bisphenol in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

“…Fluorene‐9‐bisphenol, also called 9,9‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐fluorene or 4,4′‐(9‐fluorenylidene) diphenol (BHPF), is widely applied in plastic products such as epoxy resin, polycarbonates, polyesters, polyethers, and thermally responsive record materials . Epoxy resin with diglycidyl ether BHPF was first prepared in the 1970s . BHPF is a bisphenol A (BPA) substitute .…”