Synthesis of ethyl furfuryl ether (potential biofuel) by etherification of furfuryl alcohol with ethanol over heterogenized reusable H1Cs2PW12O40 catalyst

Versatile Coordination Polymer Catalyst for Acid Reactions Involving Biobased Heterocyclic Chemicals

“…The reaction of FA with (biomass-derivable) ethanol gives 2-(ethoxymethyl)furan (EMF) and ethyl levulinate (EL) (Scheme 1) [121]. The applications of EMF include bio-solvent [122], pharmaceuticals, food flavor [123][124][125][126], aging flavor for beer storage [127][128][129][130][131] or white wine [132] and fuel additive [122,[124][125][126][133][134][135][136][137] since it has a high energy density, cetane number [138] and capacity to reduce soot emissions [124,134,139,140]. On the other hand, EL is an attractive oxygenated fuel extender (its high oxygen content enhances engine efficiency, improves flow properties, etc.…”

“…The total selectivity (EMF plus EL) was higher for 1 (90%) than for MIL-101(Cr)-SO 3 H (79%) [146,147]. A detailed comparison of the catalytic results for 1 to literature data for other types of solid acid catalysts is given in the Supplementary Material Section 3 [121,126,134,136,137,[145][146][147]157,. Overall, the catalytic performance of 1 seemed to stand on an intermediate footing among the various types of solid acid catalysts reported in the literature for the FA/ethanol system (e.g., commercial zeolites and acid resins, and modified metal oxides).…”

On demand production of ethers or alcohols from furfural and HMF by selecting the composition of a Zr/Si catalyst

“…51,[74][75][76] The same applies for furfural, where the preparation of ethers requires the combination of a reduction step followed by the etherification of the resulting alcohol. [77][78][79] Some examples of the synthesis of furfuryl ethers and HMF diethers have been reported in the literature. 17,31,51,58,61,62,[74][75][76][80][81][82][83][84][85] One strategy consists in using a mechanical mixture of a reduction catalyst with an acid one.…”

Effect of Ni Metal Content on Emulsifying Properties of Ni/CNTox Catalysts for Catalytic Conversion of Furfural in Pickering Emulsions

“…[21,22] The relevance of FAL catalytic conversion comes from the large number of chemicals and biofuels that can be obtained from its transformation. [23][24][25][26][27] FAL can be converted to long-chain products by CÀ C coupling condensation reaction, [28,29] valuable fuel additives such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF) [30] and furfuryl ether (FFE), [31,32] and to value-added compounds such as furan by decarbonylation, [33] furfuryl alcohol by hydrogenation [34,35] and by hydrogenation/ ring rearrangement to cyclopentanone (CPO). [36][37][38][39][40] Particular focus has been put on the transformation of furfural to aliphatic cyclic molecules such as cyclopentanone and cyclopentanol because they are important intermediate in fine chemical industry with a broad range of application in the perfume, medicine, and agriculture field.…”

“…The relevance of FAL catalytic conversion comes from the large number of chemicals and biofuels that can be obtained from its transformation [23–27] . FAL can be converted to long‐chain products by C−C coupling condensation reaction, [28,29] valuable fuel additives such as 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran (2‐MTHF) [30] and furfuryl ether (FFE), [31,32] and to value‐added compounds such as furan by decarbonylation, [33] furfuryl alcohol by hydrogenation [34,35] and by hydrogenation/ring rearrangement to cyclopentanone (CPO) [36–40] …”