Synthesis of ethyl octyl ether from diethyl carbonate and 1-octanol over solid catalysts. A screening study

Guilera, Jordi; Bringué, Roger; Ramírez, Eliana; Iborra, Montserrat; Tejero, Javier

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2011.10.037

Cited by 21 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Wet resin (as provided by the supplier) was dried at room temperature for 24 h prior to mechanical sieving. Afterward, resin samples with bead size between 0.40 and 0.63 mm were dried at 383 K in an atmospheric oven during 3 h and then under vacuum (1 kPa) for 15 h. A previous work showed that after this drying treatment the residual water content of the resin was <3% (w/w) . Seventy milliliter of 1‐butanol, or 1‐butanol/water, or 1‐butanol/DNBE were charged in the reactor and heated to the working temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study of 1‐butanol dehydration to di‐n‐butyl ether over Amberlyst 70

et al. 2015

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8Kinetics of the catalytic dehydration of 1-butanol to di-n-butyl ether (DNBE) over 9Amberlyst-70 was investigated. Experiments were performed in liquid phase at 4 MPa and 10 413-463 K. Three elementary reaction mechanisms were considered: a Langmuir-Hinselwood-11Hougen-Watson (LHHW) formulation; an Eley-Rideal (ER) formulation in which DNBE 12 remains adsorbed; an ER formulation in which water remains adsorbed. 13Two kinetic models explain satisfactorily the dehydration of 1-butanol to DNBE: a LHHW 14 formalism in which the surface reaction between two adjacent adsorbed molecules of 1-butanol 15 is the rate limiting step (RLS) and where the adsorption of water is negligible, and a mechanism 16 in which the RLS is the desorption of water being the adsorption of DNBE negligible. In both 17 models the strong inhibiting effect of water was successfully taken into account by means of a 18 correction factor derived from a Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Both models present similar 19 values of apparent activation energies (122±2 kJ/mol).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study of 1‐butanol dehydration to di‐n‐butyl ether over Amberlyst 70

et al. 2015

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“…Take the synthesis of EMC as an example, the traditional route of production is the esterification of methyl chloroformate with alcohol catalyzed by base, [21] but it is limited due to the employment of toxic reagents. Another alternative route is the oxidative carbonylation of CO, O 2 , methanol and ethanol, [22,23] but it must be admitted the reactant mixture is highly flammable and the yield is not satisfactory. Besides, transesterification of DMC with ethanol or DMC with diethyl carbonate (DEC) is considered a promising method for the synthesis of EMC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One‐Pot Synthesis of Organic Carbonate from Alcohol and Alkyl Bromide under Low CO₂ Pressure

Liu

2021

ChemistrySelect

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A mild and highly efficient approach has been developed for the one-pot synthesis of organic carbonate from CO 2 , alcohol and alkyl bromide using 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as the activator. The conditions of template reaction were screened and the corresponding product butyl methyl carbonate (BMC, 1), was obtained with a high yield of 95 % in 1 h. The reaction system can be extended for the synthesis of organic carbonates from a broad range of alcohols and alkyl bromides with excellent yields under low CO 2 pressure. DBU was proved to be recyclable after having been treated with KOH in ethanol. In addition, a plausible mechanism of this reaction was proposed according to the present results and literature reports.

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“…More recently, propyl tert-butyl ether and butyl tert-butyl ether have also been considered as promising gasoline additives [5,6]. With regard to linear ethers, either symmetric or asymmetric, those with C 8 -C 16 carbon length chain, e.g., di-n-butyl ether [2], di-n-pentyl ether [7], ethyl hexyl ether [8], ethyl octyl ether, and di-n-octyl ether [9], are suitable additives for diesel formulations. Tertiary alkyl ethers are usually synthesized by the addition of alcohols to tertiary olefins, whereas linear ethers are typically produced from dehydration reactions of primary alcohols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Liquid‐Phase Adsorption Equilibrium of n‐Butanol over Amberlyst™15 and Contribution of Diffusion Resistances

et al. 2021

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This work investigates the liquid-phase adsorption of n-butanol on Amberlyst 15 in the temperature range 295-323 K at different initial adsorbate concentrations. The adsorbent was characterized by N 2 physisorption, Fourier transform infrared adsorption of pyridine, scanning electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. The data obtained confirmed an adsorbent structure with two porosity levels and amorphous polymer structure. The active sites in Amberlyst 15 are of Brønsted or Brønsted-Lewis type. The liquid-phase adsorption equilibrium constants were determined at different temperatures from slurry adsorber experiments. The thermodynamic state functions were estimated and are consistent thermodynamically with physical adsorption. The macropore diffusion coefficients of n-butanol on Amberlyst 15 were estimated by using the moment technique, and the contribution of surface diffusion to the macropore diffusion coefficients was evaluated.

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Synthesis of ethyl octyl ether from diethyl carbonate and 1-octanol over solid catalysts. A screening study

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Kinetic study of 1‐butanol dehydration to di‐n‐butyl ether over Amberlyst 70

Kinetic study of 1‐butanol dehydration to di‐n‐butyl ether over Amberlyst 70

One‐Pot Synthesis of Organic Carbonate from Alcohol and Alkyl Bromide under Low CO₂ Pressure

Experimental Study on the Liquid‐Phase Adsorption Equilibrium of n‐Butanol over Amberlyst™15 and Contribution of Diffusion Resistances

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Synthesis of ethyl octyl ether from diethyl carbonate and 1-octanol over solid catalysts. A screening study

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Kinetic study of 1‐butanol dehydration to di‐n‐butyl ether over Amberlyst 70

Kinetic study of 1‐butanol dehydration to di‐n‐butyl ether over Amberlyst 70

One‐Pot Synthesis of Organic Carbonate from Alcohol and Alkyl Bromide under Low CO2 Pressure

Experimental Study on the Liquid‐Phase Adsorption Equilibrium of n‐Butanol over Amberlyst™15 and Contribution of Diffusion Resistances

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One‐Pot Synthesis of Organic Carbonate from Alcohol and Alkyl Bromide under Low CO₂ Pressure