Synthesis of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid from biomass for producing PET

Pang, Jifeng; Zheng, Mingyuan; Sun, Ruiyan; Wang, Aiqin; Wang, Xiaodong; Zhang, Tao

doi:10.1039/c5gc01771h

Cited by 287 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 227 publications

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“…The framework germanium ions exhibit Lewis acidity, as evidenced by the pyridine‐adsorption IR spectra (see Figure S11 in the Supporting Information). Taking advantage of the unique 10‐R channels and Lewis acidity, related to the germanium atoms, ECNU‐21 was expected to serve as a promising shape‐selective catalyst for important petrochemical reactions, for example, the hydration of ethylene oxide (EO) to ethylene glycol (EG), a bulk chemical with a world market of 28 million tons per year in 2015 . Conventionally, in industry, the hydration of EO was conducted by a noncatalytic process with an extremely high H 2 O/EO molar ratio of 20–25 at elevated temperatures (423–493 K), with the separation of the EG product a highly energy‐consuming process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topotactic Conversion of Alkali‐Treated Intergrown Germanosilicate CIT‐13 into Single‐Crystalline ECNU‐21 Zeolite as Shape‐Selective Catalyst for Ethylene Oxide Hydration

Liu

Mao

Jiang

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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The conversion of the alkali‐treated intergrowth germanosilicate CIT‐13 into the single‐crystalline high‐silica ECNU‐21 (named after East China Normal University) zeolite, with a novel topology and a highly crystalline zeolite framework, has been realized through a creative top‐down strategy involving a mild alkaline‐induced multistep process consisting of structural degradation and reconstruction. Instead of acid treatment, hydrolysis in aqueous ammonia solution not only readily cleaved the chemically weak Ge(Si)−O−Ge bonds located within the interlayer double four ring (D4R) units of CIT‐13, but also cleaved the metastable Si−O−Si bonds therein. This led to extensive removal of the D4R units, and also generated silanol groups on adjacent silica‐rich layers, which then condensed to form a novel daughter structure upon calcination. Individual oxygen bridges in the reassembled ECNU‐21 replaced the germanium‐rich D4R units in CIT‐13, thereby eliminating the original intergrowth phenomenon along the b axis. With an ordered crystalline structure of 10‐ring (R) channels as well as suitable germanium‐related Lewis acid sites, ECNU‐21 serves as a stable solid Lewis acid catalyst for the shape‐selective hydration of ethylene oxide (EO) to ethylene glycol (EG) at greatly reduced H2O/EO ratios and reaction temperature in comparison with the noncatalytic industrial process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topotactic Conversion of Alkali‐Treated Intergrown Germanosilicate CIT‐13 into Single‐Crystalline ECNU‐21 Zeolite as Shape‐Selective Catalyst for Ethylene Oxide Hydration

Liu

Mao

Jiang

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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“…The oxygenates (like furans, acids and phenolics) formed from pyrolysis of biomass can be catalytically converted into aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylenes over zeolite catalysts . The catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose to aromatics over zeolites involves a complex pathway: the formation of anhydrous sugars from cellulose; the dehydration of these sugars to furanics; and acid‐catalysed decarbonylation, decarboxylation, dehydration and oligomerization of furanics to aromatic products . The catalytic cracking of lignin into aromatics using a zeolite catalyst involves the formation of phenols and other oxygenates by thermal depolymerization of lignin through the cleavage of the CC and CO bonds in the lignin polymer, followed by the formation of the aromatics through catalytic cracking, deoxygenation, aromatization and oligomerization over zeolites .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of bio‐based p‐xylene via catalytic pyrolysis of biomass over metal oxide‐modified HZSM‐5 zeolites

Chang

Zhu

Jin

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND p‐Xylene is an important bulk chemical in the petrochemical industry, and the production of bio‐based p‐xylene is of great significance in both academic and industrial arenas. However, the biggest challenge for the production of p‐xylene from biomass is how to increase the yield and selectivity of p‐xylene. RESULTS The highest p‐xylene yield of 20.7 C‐mol% with a p‐xylene/xylenes ratio of 91.6% was obtained by the co‐catalytic pyrolysis of sawdust with 50 wt% methanol over the 20%La2O3/HZSM‐5(80) catalyst. Adding a La, Mg, Ce or Zn element into HZSM‐5 promoted the alkylation of benzene and toluene to form xylenes, and the isomerization of m/o‐xylenes to p‐xylene. CONCLUSION This work developed a one‐pot process in which lignocellulosic biomass (sawdust) was directionally converted into p‐xylene by coupling the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass into aromatic monomers, the alkylation of light aromatics to xylenes and the isomerization of m/o‐xylenes to p‐xylene over the metal oxide‐modified HZSM‐5 catalysts. The selectivity and yield of p‐xylene strongly depended on the acidity of the catalysts, reaction temperature and methanol additive during the catalytic pyrolysis of sawdust. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…The global consumption of EG reached 25 million tons in 2015. Because of the growing concern for the sustainable economic development, exploring renewable and environmentally friendly alternatives to the synthesis of polymers, including polyethylene terephthalate, has attracted significant attention …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene glycol production from glucose over W‐Ru catalysts: Maximizing yield by kinetic modeling and simulation

et al. 2016

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The kinetics of glucose conversion to ethylene glycol (EG) in the presence of ammonium paratungstate and Ru/AC catalysts was studied to model and predict the reaction performance under a range of conditions. A mathematical model was established through the rational simplification of the reaction network on the basis of a continuous stirred‐tank model. The kinetic data of six major reactions in the network were experimentally measured, and the analytical expressions of overall reaction kinetics were obtained by introducing the kinetic data to the model. Yields of EG, hexitols and gas were described as functions of the reaction temperature, the concentration of glucose in the feedstock and the feeding rate. The simulation results matched the experimental data of glucose conversion, demonstrating the validity of the model and method for studying the overall kinetics of glucose conversion to EG over W‐Ru catalysts. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 2072–2080, 2017

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Synthesis of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid from biomass for producing PET

Abstract: This review presents recent advances in typical routes for drop-in replacement of poly(ethylene terephthalate) monomers from biomass.

Cited by 287 publications

References 227 publications

Topotactic Conversion of Alkali‐Treated Intergrown Germanosilicate CIT‐13 into Single‐Crystalline ECNU‐21 Zeolite as Shape‐Selective Catalyst for Ethylene Oxide Hydration

Topotactic Conversion of Alkali‐Treated Intergrown Germanosilicate CIT‐13 into Single‐Crystalline ECNU‐21 Zeolite as Shape‐Selective Catalyst for Ethylene Oxide Hydration

Production of bio‐based p‐xylene via catalytic pyrolysis of biomass over metal oxide‐modified HZSM‐5 zeolites

Ethylene glycol production from glucose over W‐Ru catalysts: Maximizing yield by kinetic modeling and simulation

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