Synthesis of eugenol-based polybenzoxazine-POSS nanocomposites for low dielectric applications

Periyasamy, Thirukumaran; Asrafali, Shakila Parveen; Sarojadevi, M.

doi:10.1002/pc.23107

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The concentration of network chains, or the crosslink density, ( ν c ) is the number of moles of network chains per unit volume of a cured polymer . Crosslink density of highly crosslinked thermosets can be determined by using the equation of state for rubber elasticity which is,

ν_{normalc} = \frac{E^{'}}{3 R T}

where E ′ is the tensile storage modulus in the rubbery plateau, T is the temperature in Kelvin corresponding to the storage modulus value, and R is the gas constant. The correlating crosslink density for these TA‐hardened epoxy samples was calculated (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannic acid: A sustainable crosslinking agent for high glass transition epoxy materials

Korey

Mendis

Youngblood

et al. 2018

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Epoxy thermosets have revolutionized the coating, adhesive, and composite industries but the chemicals from which they are synthesized have significant effects on the environment and human health not only precure but also after crosslinking has occurred. In this study, we propose tannic acid (TA) as an alternative epoxy hardening agent for commercially available epoxy resin, the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). The resulting thermosets were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, compression testing, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results from this study showed that at temperatures above 100 °C, the compatibility of TA in DGEBA was significantly increased for loading levels up to 37% weight of TA in DGEBA, something that has not been seen before in literature. It was also discovered that at high loading levels, the resulting materials had glass transition temperatures at and above 200 °C. The resulting material was proposed as a more sustainable alternative to amine or acid hardened epoxy thermosets and was particularly useful in high‐temperature applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1468–1480

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ν_{normalc} = \frac{E^{'}}{3 R T}

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tannic acid: A sustainable crosslinking agent for high glass transition epoxy materials

Korey

Mendis

Youngblood

et al. 2018

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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“…[15] Up to now,alarge quantity of biobased benzoxazines have already been prepared from the renewable cardanol, [16,17] diphenolic acid, [18,19] phloretic acid, [20] furfurylamine, [21,22] stearylamine, [23] coumarin, [24,25] umbelliferone, [26] and more recently the lignin derivatives (guaiacol, [27][28][29][30] vanillin, [31][32][33] and eugenol [34][35][36][37][38] ). [15] Up to now,alarge quantity of biobased benzoxazines have already been prepared from the renewable cardanol, [16,17] diphenolic acid, [18,19] phloretic acid, [20] furfurylamine, [21,22] stearylamine, [23] coumarin, [24,25] umbelliferone, [26] and more recently the lignin derivatives (guaiacol, [27][28][29][30] vanillin, [31][32][33] and eugenol [34][35][36]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobased Benzoxazine Derived from Daidzein and Furfurylamine: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Thermal Properties Investigation

et al. 2018

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A biobased benzoxazine resin (Dz-f) demonstrating excellent thermal properties was synthesized from daidzein and furfurylamine by using a microwave heating method. The chemical structure of synthesized benzoxazine monomer was identified by FTIR and NMR ( H and C NMR) before it was cured and its thermal properties evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), TGA, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The cured resin p(Dz-f) exhibited a glass transition temperature (T ) of 391 °C, a very high char yield of 68.7 %, and outstanding thermal stability; the T value obtained was the highest thermal stability value ever reported for polybenzoxazine with a high biobased content. Moreover, Dz-f demonstrated a satisfying processability, which was rare for the high-performance thermosetting resins. This work provided us with a new strategy for the preparation of high biocontent resins with excellent thermal properties. In addition, the combination of biobased feedstocks with a microwave-assisted heating method as well as the potential application of this approach in high-end fields might perpetuate remarkable progress towards the sustainable development of the polymeric industry.

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“…Less common is the use of more sophisticated synthetic methodologies such as the use of click chemistry to introduce benzoxazine functionality into a POSS reagent, but a model POSS reagent with mixed functionality, allowing the potential for the formation of an A–B copolymer, has been reported . The favourable influence of POSS/PBZ nanocomposites on dielectric behaviour is well established from several studies in this field, but there has been particular emphasis on the production of ultra low k polymers for use as interconnects in semiconductor applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the thermal behaviour of novel aromatic polybenzoxazine blends containing an organophosphorous compound and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane reagents

Kopsidas

Hamerton

2016

Polymer International

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2,2‐Bis(3,4‐dihydro‐3‐phenyl‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazine)propane (BA‐a) is blended with various commercial polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) reagents and an organophosphorous compound, bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)phenylphosphine oxide (BPPO), at a range of loadings (1–10 wt%). The influence of the additives on the onset and rate of polymerisation of BA‐a is examined using differential scanning calorimetry. An initial screen of blends containing various additives (5 wt%) shows that a combination of aminoethylaminopropyl isobutyl POSS (AEAP) and BPPO has the greatest effect on reactivity with a reduction in reaction onset of some 65 K and an increase in glass transition temperature of 18 K when compared with the BA‐a homopolymer. The activation energy for the polymerisation of BA‐a containing 5 wt% AEAP is determined to be 84–88 kJ mol−1 (using Kissinger and Ozawa kinetic models), with a first‐order rate constant of 1.9 × 108 s−1. The thermal stability of the cured blends containing 5 wt% flame retardant is examined using thermogravimetric analysis, and both onset of degradation and char yield are increased by 15 K and 5%, respectively, when compared with the BA‐a homopolymer. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

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Synthesis of eugenol-based polybenzoxazine-POSS nanocomposites for low dielectric applications

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Tannic acid: A sustainable crosslinking agent for high glass transition epoxy materials

Tannic acid: A sustainable crosslinking agent for high glass transition epoxy materials

Biobased Benzoxazine Derived from Daidzein and Furfurylamine: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Thermal Properties Investigation

Examining the thermal behaviour of novel aromatic polybenzoxazine blends containing an organophosphorous compound and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane reagents

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