Synthesis of fluorinated telomers. Part 1. Telomerization of vinylidene fluoride with perfluoroalkyl iodides

Random and sequential radical cotelomerizations of 3,3,3‐trifluoropropene (H2CCHCF3) with vinylidene fluoride (F2CCH2)

“…Regarding the thermal initiation, Hauptschein et al 31,32 demonstrated the possible telomerization of VDF with both brominated and iodinated compounds. Other surveys have been reported especially by Apsey et al 33 , Balagué et al 34,35 or Chen et al 36 . Successful telomerizations where the initiator generates a CF 3 • radical have also been reported.…”

“…3 Different telogens were used, especially linear and branched perfluoroalkyl iodides (C n F 2n+1 I), and various initiations (thermal and redox) 34,35 gave low DP n telomers. Few works on photoinitiation and different radical initiators have also been performed.…”

“…Insert Table 1 The VDF telomers were synthesized based on descriptions available from the literature [33][34][35] that was adapted to our purpose. It consisted of a radical telomerization of VDF with iC 3 F 7 I as the telogen initiated by TBPPi in acetonitrile at 74 °C, different from previous above studies where thermal 33,34 and redox 34,35 initiations were used.…”

“…[37][38][39] Possible direct initiation was demonstrated using alcohols as poorly efficient telogens. 40 In the case of C-I cleavable telogens, it was observed that the telomerization yields mainly to the monoadduct and the addition of R F  radical occurs exclusively onto the CH 2 side of VDF, 3,[33][34][35]39 though one study showed that this addition could also occur onto the CF 2 side of VDF. 41 The literature also reports the telomerization using C-Cl cleavage.…”

Fluorinated pyridinium and ammonium cationic surfactants

“…In the case of fluoroalkyl chains interrupted with methylene groups, the thermal or redox-initiated insertion of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) into fluoroalkyl iodide bonds has been studied extensively by Ameduri and others [25][26][27][28][29]. Here a metalmeditated vinylidene fluoride Insertion of fluoroiodide, followed by radicalmediated ethylene insertion is employed [24].…”