Synthesis of freestanding few-layer graphene in microwave plasma: The role of oxygen

Fortugno, Paolo; Musikhin, Stanislav; Shi, Xian; Wang, Shuangfeng; Wiggers, Hartmut; Schulz, Christof

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2021.10.047

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…At higher temperatures, oxidation is very active in the secondary oxidation zone of the flame, thus destroying PAHs that are then not available for formation of larger species. Consequently, soot inception is reduced and only particularly stable structures such as graphene are formed [27,28]. In the intermediate temperature range, the temperature is ideal for the formation of PAHs and their transformation to soot particles [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of Premixed Sooting-Flame in A High-Pressure Burner

Saylam¹

2023

Preprint

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The second-order factor effect of burner optical ports and Edge inter-matrices (EIM) and the first one of pressure on soot formation process and behaviour of premixed sooting-flame in a high-pressure burner are numerically investigated here. Three-dimensional CFD simulations of a premixed flame C2H4/air at p = 1.01 and 10 bar using one-step chemistry approach are first performed to justify satisfied predictability of prospective axisymmetric bi-dimensional (2D) and one- dimensional (1D) simulations. The justified 2D-simulation approach shows the generation of an axial vorticity around the EIM and axial multi-vorticities due to the high expansion rate of burnt gases at the high-pressure of 10 bar. This leads to the development of axial multi-sooting zones, which are manifested experimentally by visible luminous soot streaks, and to boosting soot formation conditions of relatively low-temperature field, < 1800 K, and high-mixing rate of gases in combustion around and above the EIM location. Nevertheless, tolerable effect on the axial soot volume fraction (fV) profile, fV < 3%, is manifested only at high heights above burner of the atmospheric sooting-flame C2H4/air phi = 2.1 and early at the high-pressure 10 bar of this flame, fV < 10%. Enhancing the combustion process reactivity by decreasing the rich equivalence ratio of fuel/air mixture and/or rising the pressure results prior formation of soot precursors which shifts the sooting zone upstream.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of Premixed Sooting-Flame in A High-Pressure Burner

Saylam¹

2023

Preprint

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“…Recently, plasma-based synthesis of carbon nanomaterials has gained attention because it is energy-efficient, controllable, cost-efficient, easy to implement, and versatile and requires only one step or a few steps while still being environmentally friendly. Cold plasmas generate reactive radicals, charged species, and various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as electromagnetic fields, light emissions, and thermal radiation. , The interaction of plasmas with a sample surface leads to unique physiochemical transformations such as a weakening of the existing bonds, catalysis of reactions leading to the formation of new compounds, surface etching and functionalization, and changes of the physical properties of the sample. − Microwave plasma has been used in the synthesis of graphene using hydrocarbons and alcohol precursors in high-temperature/pressure environments, − and nitrogen-doped graphene has been produced using a magnetically rotating arc-discharge plasma . So far, most of the reported studies of graphene synthesis using plasma technology have used high-temperature/pressure or vacuum environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superhydrophobic Graphene-Like Nanocarbon Film Formation on Arbitrary Surfaces through MgO Nanoparticle Catalysis: Advanced Coatings for Energy Storage and Nanocomposites

Hartl

Ekanayake

O’Mullane

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Simple, fast, and economical graphene synthesis methods are of interest because of its diverse uses in energy storage, composite coatings, water purification, and other applications. This work illustrates a rapid method to produce graphene-like nanocarbon films at room temperature and ambient pressure. We show that, within a dielectric barrier discharge plasma, magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles can convert the liquid small-molecule precursors 1,2-dichloro-4-X-benzene (where X is I, Br, Cl, and F) to graphene-like nanocarbon films. The nanoparticle MgO that catalyzes the reaction is sustainably produced from seawater and enables a dehydrohalogenation reaction that leads to production of the graphene-like product. We investigate the morphology and chemistry of the films and show how these contribute to physical properties like wettability, including the formation of superhydrophobic fluorinated films with water contact angles above 150°. The use of dispersed, nanoscale MgO catalysts allows us to fabricate these coatings on a range of substrates, creating the potential for their use in applications such as advanced coatings, energy storage, and composites.

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“…[12,13] To date, various types of nonthermal plasma-assisted methods have been widely studied, including glow discharge, [14] dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), [15][16][17] corona discharge, [18] and microwave plasma. [19] Among them, glow discharge plasma offers a promising and attractive alternative for reduction of metal ions at low temperatures. [20][21][22] At the same time, the nanocrystals by plasma exhibit characteristics of slow growth, thereby synthesizing nanoparticles on the supporter without protective agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pt–Au alloy nanoparticles synthesized by glow discharge plasma for enhanced methanol oxidation reaction performance

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2022

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Pt–Au alloy is greatly important to direct methanol fuel cells as electrocatalysts given its stability and anti‐COads poisoning ability. Herein, Pt and Au ions are successfully prepared into Pt–Au alloy nanoparticles by glow discharge plasma without a reducing agent at room temperature. The high electrons from plasma accelerate to form intermetallic compounds. The low operating temperature of plasma inhibits the agglomeration of particles. Compared with the samples by traditional hydrogen thermal reduction, the catalytic activity and stability of samples in the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) by plasma are improved due to the stronger metal–metal interaction and smaller size of nanoparticles. The optimal proportion of Pt15Au5/C showed the highest mass activity and specific activity of 1.52 and 6.59 times those of commercial JM Pt/C in electrocatalytic methanol oxidation.

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Synthesis of freestanding few-layer graphene in microwave plasma: The role of oxygen

Cited by 36 publications

References 82 publications

Behaviour of Premixed Sooting-Flame in A High-Pressure Burner

Behaviour of Premixed Sooting-Flame in A High-Pressure Burner

Superhydrophobic Graphene-Like Nanocarbon Film Formation on Arbitrary Surfaces through MgO Nanoparticle Catalysis: Advanced Coatings for Energy Storage and Nanocomposites

Pt–Au alloy nanoparticles synthesized by glow discharge plasma for enhanced methanol oxidation reaction performance

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