Synthesis of full Poincaré beams by means of uniaxial crystals

Piquero, Gemma; Monroy, Laura; Santarsiero, Massimo; Alonzo, Massimo; Sande, Juan Carlos González de

doi:10.1088/2040-8986/aabdad

Cited by 28 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Conversely, by changing the orientation of the crystal axis or the incidence angle of the input beam, the polarization pattern at the exit of the crystal is, in general, no longer uniform. Using combinations of uniaxial crystals or biaxial crystals, a great variety of polarization patterns have been obtained [2,36,38,80,[120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130]. Sometimes, these kinds of studies have been termed as interference of polarized light [2,120].…”

Section: Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, two examples will be described in detail. The first one is based on the use of a plane parallel slab of a uniaxial crystal having its optic axis perpendicular to the input and output faces of the crystal [123,130]. The second one is based on a double wedge (DW), made up of two uniaxial crystal wedges with its optical axes parallel to the input and output faces but forming a π/4 angle between them [80,131].…”

Section: Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the first case, we consider a parallelepiped made up of a uniaxial crystal with its axis along the propagation direction (z axis) of the incident beam, as shown in Fig. 11 (see references [70,123,130] for specific details). The input and output faces of the crystal are perpendicular to the crystal axis.…”

Section: Single Uniaxial Crystalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis and characterization of non-uniformly totally polarized light beams: tutorial

Piquero¹,

Martı́nez-Herrero²,

Sande³

et al. 2020

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

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Polarization of a light beam is traditionally studied under the hypothesis that the state of polarization is uniform across the transverse section of the beam. In such a case, if the paraxial approximation is also assumed, the propagation of the beam reduces to a scalar problem. Over the last few decades, light beams with spatially variant states of polarization have attracted great attention, due mainly to their potential use in applications such as optical trapping, laser machining, nanoscale imaging, polarimetry, etc. In this tutorial, an introductory treatment of nonuniformly totally polarized beams is given. Besides a brief review of some useful parameters for characterizing the polarization distribution of such beams across transverse planes, from both local and global points of view, several methods for generating them are described. It is expected that this tutorial will serve newcomers as a starting point for further studies on the subject.

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Section: Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Synthesis and characterization of non-uniformly totally polarized light beams: tutorial

Piquero¹,

Martı́nez-Herrero²,

Sande³

et al. 2020

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

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show abstract

“…Accordingly, there are numerous methods and devices proposed in previous researches for generating the FP beams to achieve further applications, including spatial light modulators 13 – 15 , uniaxial crystals 16 , 17 , q-plates and dielectric metasurface 18 – 20 , geometric phase control inside a laser cavity 21 , and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unitary transformation for Poincaré beams on different parts of Poincaré sphere

Sun

Geng

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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We construct an experimental setup, consisting of conical refraction transformation in two biaxial cascade crystals and 4f-system, to realize Unitary transformation of light beam and the manipulation of Poincaré beams on the different parts of Poincaré sphere. The spatial structure of the polarization can be controlled by changing the polarization of the incident beam or rotating the angle between these two crystals. The beams with different SoPs covering the full-Poincaré sphere, part-Poincaré sphere and one point on the sphere are generated for the different angles between crystals. The Unitary transformation of light beam is proposed in the experiment with the invariant intensity distribution. Subsequently, the spin angular momentum is derived from the distribution of polarization measured in our experiment. Moreover, the conversion between orbital angular momentum and spin angular momentum of light beam is obtained by changing the angle between crystals. And the conversion progress can also be influenced by the polarization of incident beam. We realized the continuous control of the spatial structure of the angular momentum density, which has potential in the manipulation of optical trapping systems and polarization-multiplexed free-space optical communication. Up to now, as an intrinsic and fundamental vectorial nature of light, the SoP has attracted wide attention owing to its important role in propagation behaviors, focusing properties, and light-matter interactions. In 2010, Beckely introduced and demonstrated one kind of novel vector beams, named full Poincaré (FP) beams, in the experiment 1,2. One dominant characteristic of FP beams is that the states of polarization (SoPs) in the crosssection cover the entire surface of Poincaré sphere. As a result, any SoP on Poincaré sphere can be found in the FP beams Due to the special SoP distribution, The FP beams have potential for many practical applications in beam shaping 34 , manipulation of particles 5 , generating transverse spin angular momentum 6-8 and significantly reducing turbulence-induced scintillation 9,10. High-order FP beams have been proposed to have benefit in achieving a smooth flat-top transverse profile with steep edge roll-off 11,12. The orders herein are determined by the number of times that the SoP covers all possible polarization states over a Poincaré sphere. Accordingly, there are numerous methods and devices proposed in previous researches for generating the FP beams to achieve further applications, including spatial light modulators 13-15 , uniaxial crystals 16,17 , q-plates and dielectric metasurface 18-20 , geometric phase control inside a laser cavity 21 , and so forth. Conical refraction was demonstrated to be a method to manipulate the SoP of beams as an intrinsic property of biaxial crystals. The cascade conical diffraction phenomenon was comprehensively studied in detail elsewhere 22-25. The further manipulation of SoP were realized, with the multiple-concentric-rings intensity distribution. Based on the characters of the con...

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“…Numerous methods for synthesizing NUTP beams have been proposed. 5,6,10,11,24,25 One straightforward way to obtain them is through superposition of two beams presenting different states of polarization. Moreover, interference with polarized light allows one to obtain relevant information about its polarization and coherence characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple undergraduate experiment for synthesizing and analyzing non-uniformly polarized beams by means of a Fresnel biprism

Piquero

Marcos-Muñoz

Sande

2019

American Journal of Physics

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A simple scheme to synthesize non-uniform patterns of polarization across the transverse section of a beam is proposed with the standard materials in an undergraduate optics laboratory. The experiment is based on the superposition of two orthogonally polarized fields obtained by using a Fresnel biprism and dichroic polarizers. Although no interference pattern appears in the superposition area, a non-uniformly totally polarized field is synthesized. Analytic expressions for the Jones vector and Stokes parameters of the output beam are calculated and, in the process, students can cement their knowledge about the representation of polarized light with these formalisms. The experimental polarization pattern is either obtained from intensity measurements with a CCD camera or measured directly with a commercial polarimeter modified with a pinhole. This experiment will help students discover an easy way to vary the state of polarization across the transverse section of a light field. V

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Synthesis of full Poincaré beams by means of uniaxial crystals

Cited by 28 publications

References 51 publications

Synthesis and characterization of non-uniformly totally polarized light beams: tutorial

Synthesis and characterization of non-uniformly totally polarized light beams: tutorial

Unitary transformation for Poincaré beams on different parts of Poincaré sphere

Simple undergraduate experiment for synthesizing and analyzing non-uniformly polarized beams by means of a Fresnel biprism

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