Significance
Leukotriene (LT) A
4
hydrolase/aminopeptidase (LTA4H) is a bifunctional zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes biosynthesis of the proinflammatory mediator, LTB
4
, implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases. Recently, the chemotactic tripeptide Pro-Gly-Pro was identified as the enzyme’s endogenous peptidase substrate. Pro-Gly-Pro is cleaved and inactivated by LTA4H, suggesting that LTA4H plays a role in both the initiation and the resolution phase of inflammation. Here, we defined the binding and cleavage mechanism for Pro-Gly-Pro at the active site of LTA4H. Moreover, we designed a small molecule that selectively blocks synthesis of LTB
4
, although sparing the peptidase activity for inactivation of Pro-Gly-Pro, thus representing a novel type of LTA4H inhibitor that may pave the way for development of better treatments of inflammatory diseases.