Synthesis of Hard Carbon/Iron Microspheres and Their Aqueous-Based Tribological Performance Under Magnetic Field

Cheng, Guanggui; Jiang, Shiyu; Khosla, Tushar; Pesika, Noshir S.; Ding, Jianning; Zhang, Yueheng; Wang, Ying

doi:10.1007/s11249-016-0782-8

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The synthesized carbon was then dried in an oven at 60 • C overnight. Furthermore, the obtained carbon underwent pyrolysis in a furnace at 1000 • C for 10 h within an ultrapure nitrogen environment to yield hard carbon spheres [35,36]. The as-prepared particles were imaged to determine size and morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S-4800 FE-SEM, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea) operated at 20 KV.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Ldpe/csmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Tribological Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene Using Hard Carbon Microfillers

Solomon,

Hall,

et al. 2024

Materials

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The application of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has been confined to packaging applications due to its inadequate mechanical and tribological characteristics. We propose enhancing LDPE by integrating hard carbon spheres (CSs) to improve its strength, frictional characteristics, and wear resistance. LDPE/CS composites were created by blending LDPE with varying CS amounts (0.5–8 wt.%). Analysis using scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy confirmed CS presence in the LDPE matrix, with X-ray diffraction showing no microstructural changes post-blending. Thermal characterization exhibited notable improvements in thermal stability (~4%) and crystallinity (~7%). Mechanical properties such as hardness and Young’s modulus were improved by up to 4% and 24%, respectively. Tribological studies on different composite samples with varying surface roughness under various load and speed conditions revealed the critical role of surface roughness in reducing friction by decreasing real contact area and adhesive interactions between asperities. Increased load and speed amplified shear stress on asperities, possibly leading to deformation and failure. Notably, integrating CSs into LDPE, starting at 1 wt.%, effectively reduced friction and wear. The composite with the highest loading (8 wt.%) displayed the most significant tribological enhancement, achieving a remarkable 75% friction reduction and a substantial 78% wear reduction.

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Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Ldpe/csmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Tribological Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene Using Hard Carbon Microfillers

Solomon,

Hall,

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…1(b). The bond, capillary, Reynolds, and Ohnesorge numbers, which are expressed as follows, were used to determine the cylindrical cap assumption: 2 Bo gr…”

Section: Physical Model and Meshingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effective lubrication is a key factor in ensuring the stability of a high-temperature machine such as a gas turbine or silicon pulling machine [1,2]. In such machine systems, temperatures T higher than 1,000 °C can develop between the components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermocapillary migration mechanism of molten silicon droplets on horizontal solid surfaces

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Effective lubrication under extreme conditions such as high temperature is of considerable importance to ensure the reliability of a mechanical system. New lubricants that can endure high temperatures should be studied and employed as alternatives to traditional oil-based lubricant. In this paper, a thermocapillary model of a silicone-oil droplet is developed by solving the Navier-Stokes and energy equations to obtain the flow, pressure, and temperature fields. This is accomplished using a conservative microfluidic two-phase flow level set method designed to track the interface between two immiscible fluids. The numerical simulation accuracy is examined by comparing the numerical results with experimental results obtained for a silicone-oil droplet. Hence, the movement and deformation of molten silicon droplets on graphite and corundum are numerically simulated. The results show that a temperature gradient causes a tension gradient on the droplet surface, which in turn creates a thermocapillary vortex. As the vortex develops, the droplet migrates to the low-temperature zone. In the initial stage, the molten silicon droplet on the corundum substrate forms two opposite vortex cells, whereas two pairs of opposite vortices are formed in the silicone fluid on the graphite substrate. Multiple vortex cells gradually develop into a single vortex cell, and the migration velocity tends to be stable. The greater the basal temperature gradient, the stronger the internal thermocapillary convection of the molten silicon droplet has, which yields higher speeds.

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“…The notably improved lubricating performance was interpreted as carbon spheres acting as ball bearings during friction process. Cheng et al synthesised hard carbon/iron microspheres (HC/Fe μspheres ) via D‐glucose and FeCl 3 as raw materials, which were prepared by hydrothermal method then pyrolysed at 800°C for 10 hours in a tube furnace. Results show that stable friction coefficients in the range of 0.06 to 0.09 are attributed to enough HC/Fe μspheres under the contact area to ensure effective rolling during friction process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of talc/carbon spheres composite as oil‐based additive enhancing the lubricating properties for steel‐steel contact

Fei

Luo

et al. 2020

Lubrication Science

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Talc/carbon spheres (TC) composite was successfully fabricated through a simple and eco-friendly hydrothermal method. The tribology properties of the base oil were significantly improved after adding TC composites, which had been studied by a ball on disc (BOD) tribometer. The friction coefficient of oil containing 0.5-wt% TC composite (0.5 TC-Oil) was only 0.08, with a decrease of 35.3% compared with the base oil at 5 N. Moreover, severe abrasive wear between friction pairs changed into slight plastic deformation lubricated with 0.5 TC-Oil, as confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). These results reflected notable synergy between self-repair performance effect of talc and ball-bearing effect of carbon spheres. The study displayed the potential lubricating performance of the TC composite in current generation oil lubricants. K E Y W O R D Sball-bearing, lubricating properties, self-repair, talc/carbon spheres composite

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Synthesis of Hard Carbon/Iron Microspheres and Their Aqueous-Based Tribological Performance Under Magnetic Field

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Enhancing the Tribological Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene Using Hard Carbon Microfillers

Enhancing the Tribological Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene Using Hard Carbon Microfillers

Thermocapillary migration mechanism of molten silicon droplets on horizontal solid surfaces

Synergistic effect of talc/carbon spheres composite as oil‐based additive enhancing the lubricating properties for steel‐steel contact

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