Synthesis of hexagonal and cubic ZnIn2S4 nanosheets for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with methanol

Chen, Jingshuai; Feng, Xin; Yin, Xiaohong; Xiang, Tianyu; Wang, Yuwen

doi:10.1039/c4ra13191f

Cited by 103 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The preparation of high surface area samples with mesoporous structures and exposed surface sites is still a great challenge and highly desired [161]. At this end, research efforts should be directed at constructing 2D nanosheets and nanoporous structures of metal sulfide solid solutions [158,[162][163][164]. In addition, the surface areas of metal sulfide solid solutions can be enhanced by loading them into the porous materials such as microporous and mesoporous silicas [165][166][167].…”

Section: Forming Doped or Nanosized Metal Sulfide Solid Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Splitting By Photocatalytic Reduction

2015

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

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Water splitting by photocatalytic reduction is considered to be one of the most promising solutions to solve both the worldwide energy shortage and environmental pollution problems. Metal sulfide semiconductor photocatalysts as an important kind of photocatalysts have gained extensive interest in the field of photocatalytic H 2 evolution due to their superior photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. This chapter summarizes the integration and optimization of highly efficient metal sulfide-based semiconductors from a system engineering perspective. To achieve the optimum efficiency, several typical system integration strategies such as loading co-catalysts onto nanoscale metal sulfides, forming doped or nanosized solid solutions, developing core/shell and intercalated semiconductors, fabricating hybrid or multijunction photocatalysts, and exploring new mechanisms beyond heterojunctions are outlined and discussed in detail. Further research should focus on the investigation of mechanism, the development of highly efficient co-catalysts and semiconductors, as well as the construction of multi-junction photocatalysts with high H 2 -evolution activity. In this chapter, we not only provide a summary of system integration strategies of metal sulfides for solar water splitting but also may provide some potential opportunities for designing other types of heterogeneous photocatalysts used in solar water splitting.

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Section: Forming Doped or Nanosized Metal Sulfide Solid Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Splitting By Photocatalytic Reduction

2015

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

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“…Dies wird bei der Deutung der Ergebnisse des Austauschs,d ie in Gegenwart von Graphen und Carbidnanoschichten gemessen wurden, hilfreich sein. Die Nanomaterialien lassen sich in zwei Gruppen einordnen:i )metallhaltige Photokatalysatoren wie Oxide, [11,39,48,53,54,70,[73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81] Chalkogenide, [49] Bismut-Oxyhalogenide, [82][83][84][85][86][87] Hydrotalcite [88] und Zeolithe; [89] ii)metallfreie Photokatalysatoren wie Graphen und seine Derivate (Graphenoxide (GO) und mit Heteroatomen dotiertes Graphen), [55,[90][91][92][93][94][95][96] g-C 3 N 4 [97][98][99][100][101][102] und kohlenstoffdotiertes h-BN. [55,56,72] Die Photoreduktionen von 13 CO 2 zu 13 CH 4 [55] und 13 CH 3 OH [54] wurden ebenfalls beschrieben.…”

Section: Mçgliche Reaktionspfade Der Co 2 -Reduktionunclassified

“…[44] Viele Sulfid-Halbleiter haben tiefer liegende Leitungsbänder (z. Chen et al [49] zeigten, dass hexagonale ZnIn 2 S 4 -Nanoschichten aktiver bei der Erzeugung von HCOOCH 3 in Gegenwart von CH 3 OH sind als kubische ZnIn 2 S 4 -Nanoschichten. B. Bi 2 S 3 , E g = 1.28 eV) als die entsprechenden Oxide.A llerdings sind Sulfide im Allgemeinen unter Bestrahlung in wässriger Dispersion instabil, da die S 2À -Anionen zu elementarem Schwefel und letztendlich zu Sulfaten oxidiert werden.…”

Section: Metalloxide Chalkogenide Bismut-oxyhalogenide Und Hydrotalunclassified

“…Untersuchungen zur CO 2 -Photoreduktion an 2D-Strukturen dieser Materialien sind selten. Chen et al [49] zeigten, dass hexagonale ZnIn 2 S 4 -Nanoschichten aktiver bei der Erzeugung von HCOOCH 3 in Gegenwart von CH 3 OH sind als kubische ZnIn 2 S 4 -Nanoschichten. Sowohl hexagonale als auch kubische Nanoschichten zeigten eine hçhere Aktivitäta ls ZnIn 2 S 4 -Mikrokugeln.…”

Section: Metalloxide Chalkogenide Bismut-oxyhalogenide Und Hydrotalunclassified

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Katalyse der Kohlenstoffdioxid‐Photoreduktion an Nanoschichten: Grundlagen und Herausforderungen

et al. 2018

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Die Umwandlung von CO2 in Treibstoffe und Chemikalien mithilfe der Photokatalyse ist eine vielversprechende Methode, um die Probleme der globalen Erwärmung und Energieversorgung nachhaltig zu lösen. Erfolge im Bereich der Photokatalyse während des letzten Jahrzehnts haben verstärktes Interesse an der Nutzung des Sonnenlichts zur Reduktion von CO2 hervorgerufen. Traditionelle Halbleiter in der Photokatalyse (z. B. TiO2) sind für die Anwendung in natürlichem Sonnenlicht nicht geeignet und sogar unter UV‐Bestrahlung nicht effizient genug. Kürzlich wurden einige zweidimensionale (2D) Materialien für die katalytische CO2‐Reduktion entwickelt. Diese Materialien müssen noch erheblich verbessert werden, was eine Herausforderung für die Entwicklung photokatalytischer Prozesse darstellt. Hier wird die Literatur über die photokatalytische CO2‐Umwandlung mit 2D‐Materialien in der Flüssigphase zusammengefasst, um eine Grundlage für die Suche nach verbesserten Materialien zu schaffen.

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“…18,19 Chen et al 20,21 employed the photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to MF on B 2 S 3 and Ni-doped ZnS catalyst with the rate of MF production 175 of methanol to DMF, the concentration of CaO-ZrO 2 and Cu-Mn smaples on catalytic performance were thoroughly investigated. 18,19 Chen et al 20,21 employed the photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to MF on B 2 S 3 and Ni-doped ZnS catalyst with the rate of MF production 175 of methanol to DMF, the concentration of CaO-ZrO 2 and Cu-Mn smaples on catalytic performance were thoroughly investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel Cu–Mn/Ca–Zr catalyst for the synthesis of methyl formate from syngas

et al. 2015

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Cu-Mn mixed oxides and mesoporous CaO-ZrO 2 solid base were prepared by complexing method and alcohothermal route, respectively, and they were mixed together as combined Cu-Mn/Ca-Zr catalyst which was evaluated for the direct synthesis of methyl formate (MF) from syngas in a slurry reactor. Cu-Mn and CaO-ZrO 2 samples were characterized by N 2 isotherm adsorption-desorption, XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS and CO 2 -TPD techniques. Under the optimum reaction conditions of 160 o C, 3 MPa, 3:7 for the ratio of methanol to N, N dimethylformamide, 40 g L -1for Cu-Mn sample, and 30 g L -1 for CaO-ZrO 2 sample, a lower CO conversion of 22.4 % was obtained over Cu-Mn/Ca-Zr, whereas the MF selectivity of 82.3% was higher than that of traditional catalyst (e.g. Cu-catalyst and NaOCH 3 ), which was due to the synergism between Cu-Mn and CaO-ZrO 2 samples. µmol g -1 h -1 and 121 µmol g -1 h -1 , respectively, while the low yield and poor stability limit the application of this process. This has stimulated a desire for the development of an alternative process.Direct synthesis of MF from syngas in liquid-phase system is significantly concerned by researchers due to its atomic economy and short reaction process. [22][23][24][25][26] The direct process follows the stoichiometry: 2CO+2H 2 → HCOOCH 3 , △H 0 R = -157.2 kJ mol -1 (1). 27 In the direct synthesis process, MF formed as an intermediate of methanol synthesis from syngas on mixed catalyst comprised of alkali or alkali earth compounds and Cu-based catalysts, 22 which contains homogeneous carbonylation of methanol on alkali or alkali earth compounds and heterogeneous hydrogenation of MF on Cu-based catalysts. Palekar et al. 23 controlled the selectivity of methanol and MF by changing reaction temperature and the ratio of CO to H 2 . They found that high reaction temperature and low CO/H 2 were beneficial to methanol; on the contrary, low reaction temperature and high CO/H 2 condition favored MF formation, and the similar results were also reported by Chen et al. 28 However, a critical problem in this process is that homogeneous alkali or alkali earth compounds is susceptible to CO 2 or H 2 O in reaction system, which accelerate the fall of the catalytic activity. 29-31 Moreover, alkali or alkali earth compounds distributed on the surface of Cu-based catalyst caused the blockage of active sites. 32In this work, CaO-ZrO 2 solid base and Cu-Mn mixed oxides were prepared and characterized by N 2 isotherm adsorption-desorption, XRD, TEM, SEM, XPS and CO 2 -TPD measurements. More importantly, the combined Cu-Mn/Ca-Zr catalyst prepared by mechanical mixing above two as-prepared samples was applied to the direct synthesis of MF from syngas in a batch slurry reactor for the first time. In addition, the influences of reaction parameters such as temperature, pressure, the ratio ratio of Ca to Zr is 0.5. Preparation of Cu-Mn/Ca-Zr catalystCu-Mn/CaO-ZrO 2 combined catalyst, noted as Cu-Mn/Ca-Zr, was prepared by mechanical mixing Cu-Mn mixed oxides and CaO-ZrO 2 solid base. The mass ratio of Cu-Mn ...

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Synthesis of hexagonal and cubic ZnIn₂S₄ nanosheets for the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂ with methanol

Cited by 103 publications

References 37 publications

Water Splitting By Photocatalytic Reduction

Water Splitting By Photocatalytic Reduction

Katalyse der Kohlenstoffdioxid‐Photoreduktion an Nanoschichten: Grundlagen und Herausforderungen

A novel Cu–Mn/Ca–Zr catalyst for the synthesis of methyl formate from syngas

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