Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Bifunctional Additives with both Flame Retardant Properties and Antistatic Properties via ATRP

Abstract

Polystyrene (PS) is widely used in our daily life, but it is flammable and produces a large number of toxic gases and hightemperature flue gases in the combustion process, which limit its application. Improving the flame retardancy of PS has become an urgent problem to be solved. In addition, in view of the disadvantage that small-molecule flame retardants can easily migrate from polymers during use, which leads to the gradual reduction of the flame retardant effect or even loss of flame retardant performance, and the outstanding advantages of ATRP technology in polymer structure design and function customization, we used ATRP technology to synthesize the high-molecular-weight bifunctional additive PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA, which has flame retardant properties and antistatic properties. The chemical structure and molecular weight of PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA were characterized by FTIR, 1 H NMR, GPC, and XPS. When the addition of PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA was 15 wt %, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of polystyrene composites was 28.4%, which was 53.51% higher than that of pure polystyrene, the peak of the heat release rate (pHRR) was 37.61% lower than that of pure polystyrene, UL-94 reached V-0 grade, and the flame retardant index (FRI) was 2.98. In addition, when the PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEEMA content is 15 wt %, the surface resistivity and volume resistivity of polystyrene composites are 2 orders of magnitude lower than those of polystyrene. This research work provides a reference for the design of bifunctional and even multifunctional polymers.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel DOPO-Based Flame Retardant Intermediate and Its Flame Retardancy as a Polystyrene Intrinsic Flame Retardant

“…In the aspect of molecular structure design, especially reversible inactivation radical polymerization technology, it is possible to obtain polymer flame retardants with complex structure, determined molecular weight, and low dispersion. ,,, In view of the wide application of DOPO in flame retardant field ,− and the urgent demand for functional monomers with flame retardant function in the flame retardant field, our research group synthesized a functional monomer FAA-DOPO from DOPO, and characterized its structure in detail. In addition, in order to prove that FAA-DOPO can be used for copolymerization with polystyrene, our research group designed the flame retardant molecule by the ATRP method, synthesized PS- b -PFAA-DOPO with intrinsic flame retardants, and studied its flame retardant performance.…”