Synthesis of high-silica ZSM-5 with seeds in the presence of ethanol and amine

Abstract

The possibility of crystallization of ZSM-5 with high Si/Al ratio was evaluated through the combined use of crystallization seeds and organic compounds that are not conventional directing agents for ZSM-5 (ethanol, methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, isopropylamine and diethylamine) in order to find a less toxic and costly route of synthesis. In addition, the influence of the stirring during the crystallization step on the properties of the ZSM-5 obtained in these synthesis conditions was verified. The obtained zeolites were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry in order to understand the effects of the templates. The analyses of NH3-TPD, nitrogen adsorption, SEM, and TG/DTA were performed for the samples with better crystallinity. The procedure was successfully employed for the synthesis of MFI samples using propylamine as an alternative structure-directing agent. Its mean crystallite size ranged from 23 to 24 nm and was efficient in the cracking reaction of n-hexane.

Application of beta zeolite in allylation reaction aiming formation of new C-C bonds

“…Zeolites have a high specific surface area (350-450 m 2 .g -1 ), high thermal stability, ion exchange capacity, and because they have a defined system of micropores and channels allow reactions to occur selectively allowing distinguishing reagents, products, and transition states on the molecular scale [2][3][4]. It is noteworthy that zeolites can act as Bronsted acid or Lewis acid, which broadens their applications in the industrial sector [5][6][7]. Among the various types of microporous materials, beta zeolite stands out industrially as it is used in the petrochemical industry and fine chemistry as catalysts, sorbents, or ion exchangers [8,9].…”