Synthesis of hydrogen cyanide in a solid-electrolyte-cell reactor

McKenna, Elizabeth A.; Othoneos, Alexandros; Kiratzis, Nikolas Euripides; Stoukides, Michael

doi:10.1021/ie00021a014

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…From the preparative point of view, HCN can be prepared from gaseous mixtures of methane (CH 4 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ) in the presence of platinum 33 or corona discharge, 34 by ion-irradiation and/or UV-photolysis of N 2 -rich ice containing CH 4 , 35 from CH 4 and NH 3 at high temperature in the presence of Al 2 O 3 with a suspension of Pt group metal and nitrides of Al, B, Ti, and Si 36 or by yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) cells with Pt electrodes. 37 NH 2 CHO may be formed from the same mixture of reagents leading to the production of HCN. As an example, it can be prepared in appreciable yield from CH 4 and NH 3 through proton irradiation.…”

Section: Ernesto DI Mauromentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics first or metabolism first? The formamide clue

et al. 2012

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Life is made of the intimate interaction of metabolism and genetics, both built around the chemistry of the most common elements of the Universe (hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon). The transmissible interaction of metabolic and genetic cycles results in the hypercycles of organization and de-organization of chemical information, of living and non-living. The origin-of-life quest has long been split into several attitudes exemplified by the aphorisms "genetics-first" or "metabolism-first". Recently, the opposition between these approaches has been solved by more unitary theoretical and experimental frames taking into account energetic, evolutionary, proto-metabolic and environmental aspects. Nevertheless, a unitary and simple chemical frame is still needed that could afford both the precursors of the synthetic pathways eventually leading to RNA and to the key components of the central metabolic cycles, possibly connected with the synthesis of fatty acids. In order to approach the problem of the origin of life it is therefore reasonable to start from the assumption that both metabolism and genetics had a common origin, shared a common chemical frame, and were embedded under physical-chemical conditions favourable for the onset of both. The singleness of such a prebiotically productive chemical process would partake of Darwinian advantages over more complex fragmentary chemical systems. The prebiotic chemistry of formamide affords in a single and simple physical-chemical frame nucleic bases, acyclonucleosides, nucleotides, biogenic carboxylic acids, sugars, amino sugars, amino acids and condensing agents. Thus, we suggest the possibility that formamide could have jointly provided the main components for the onset of both (pre)genetic and (pre)metabolic processes. As a note of caution, we discuss the fact that these observations only indicate possible solutions at the level of organic substrates, not at the systemic chemical level.

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Section: Ernesto DI Mauromentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics first or metabolism first? The formamide clue

et al. 2012

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“…), and the capability of internal hydrocarbon reforming [2]. In addition, SOFCs have been tested in industrially important reactions [3][4][5] and a good review is given in by Stoukides [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of ceramic electrolytic films by the method of solution aerosol thermolysis (SAT) for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)

Papastergiades¹,

Argyropoulos²,

Rigakis³

et al. 2009

Ionics

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The technique of solution aerosol thermolysis (SAT) for the production of ceramic electrolytic films suitable for solid oxide fuels cells was investigated. The research has focused on the optimization of process parameters and characterization of the obtained films by means of X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Dense films of gadolinia-stabilized ceria of uniform thickness have been successfully produced on substrates consisting of dense disks of yttria-stabilized zirconia by SAT using nitrate salts of the precursors dissolved in an ethanol-water solvent. Substrate temperature is an important parameter and in this system the best initial values identified were of the order of 400-420°C. The interplay between initial substrate temperature, solution flow rate, and postdeposition temperature is important for a good-quality film.

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“…From their study, the selectivity of HCN exceeds 75% and approximately 0.01 W cm −2 of power density was delivered. It was also found that the cell could operate without external heat supply for the CH 4 /NH 3 feed ratio higher than 1.25 [54].…”

Section: Cogeneration Of Sofc: Chemical Production Approachmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although co-generation systems can operate at low, moderate or high temperature, the use of high temperature operation provides several advantages e.g. minimization of polarization losses and less poisoning by H 2 S. Recently, several chemical co-generation processes for production of inorganic and organic compounds have been proposed from high temperature SOFCs [52][53][54][55][56][57]. Therefore, the reviews will focus mainly on chemical and electrical power co-generation by high temperature SOFCs.…”

Section: Cogeneration Of Sofc: Chemical Production Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology

Laosiripojana¹,

Wiyaratn²,

Kiatkittipong³

et al. 2009

104

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is one type of high temperature fuel cell that appears to be one of the most promising technology to provide the efficient and clean energy production for wide range of applications (from small units to large scale power plants). This paper reviews the current status and related researches on SOFC technologies. In details, the research trend for the development of SOFC components(i.e. anode, electrolyte, cathode, and interconnect) are presented. Later, the current important designs of SOFC (i.e. Seal-less Tubular Design, Segmented Cell in Series Design, Monolithic Design and Flat Plate Design) are exampled. In addition, the possible operations of SOFC (i.e. external reforming, indirect internal reforming, and direct internal reforming) are discussed. Lastly, the research studies on applications of SOFCs with co-generation (i.e. SOFC with Combined Heat and Power (SOFC-CHP), SOFC with Gas Turbine (SOFC-GT)) and SOFC with chemical production) are given

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Synthesis of hydrogen cyanide in a solid-electrolyte-cell reactor

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Genetics first or metabolism first? The formamide clue

Genetics first or metabolism first? The formamide clue

Fabrication of ceramic electrolytic films by the method of solution aerosol thermolysis (SAT) for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC)

Reviews on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology

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