Synthesis of hydroxyapatite particles with in situ immobilized ATRP initiator

Włodarczyk, Błażej; Ferebee, Rachel; Pietrasik, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2015.03.044

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Individually dispersed n-HAP-Br NCs with tethered 2-BrMP groups were fabricated based on the previously reported method . In our modified procedure, the aggregation of n-HAP-Br NCs was effectively avoided by the addition of water-miscible organic solvents .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individually dispersed n-HAP-Br NCs with tethered 2-BrMP groups were fabricated based on the previously reported method. 18 In our modified procedure, the aggregation of n-HAP-Br NCs was effectively avoided by the addition of water-miscible organic solvents. 20 In a typical experiment, the precursor of n-HAP, (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 (0.29 M, 2.4 g), and Ca(NO 3 ) 2 •4H 2 O (0.24 M, 5 g) was added to the flask with stirring for 0.5 h. After the addition of the 10 or 30 percent water-miscible organic solvent relative to water, the pH of the precursor solution was adjusted to 10.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both of the mentioned approaches have been widely used and involved the multiple step procedure including the introduction of the initiator on presynthesized inorganic components and subsequent polymer grafting. Although Pietrasik 18 prepared ATRP initiator-immobilized n-HAP NCs based on a one-step coprecipitation process, the aggregation of n-HAP NCs still remained to be resolved. However, the surface-introduced 2-brominated isobutyl groups led to serious aggregations of n-HAP NCs in water because the highly hydrophilic surface shifted to partially hydrophobic characteristic.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano-Hydroxyapatite Particle Brushes via Direct Initiator Tethering and Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Dual Responsive Pickering Emulsion

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Langmuir

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Well-defined polymer-grafted solid inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) are imperative for practical applications in various fields based on the prerequisite of facile initiator immobilization. Direct atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator-tethered solid NPs are described using 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid as a tetherable initiator. To illustrate the versatility of the proposed strategy, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) nanocrystals (NCs) were selected to demonstrate the morphology-controlled synthesis of 2-bromo-2-methylpropionate (2-BrMP) group-immobilized n-HAP (n-HAP-Br) NCs. When water was employed as the sole solvent, the continually introduced 2-BrMP groups altered the surface hydrophobic capacity of the n-HAP-Br NC and thus led to unavoidable aggregation of n-HAP-Br NCs. The synthesis of individually dispersed n-HAP-Br NCs was achieved by rational adjusting polarity of the aqueous medium through adding a portion of water-miscible organic solvents. The type and concentration of added water-miscible organic solvents had critical effects on the morphology and particle size of n-HAP-Br NCs. To verify the efficiency of the tethered initiator, n-HAP-g-poly2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (n-HAP-g-PDMAEMA), n-HAP-g-polyacrylonitrile (n-HAP-g-PAN), and n-HAP-g-polymethyl methacrylate (n-HAP-g-PMMA) were fabricated by surface-initiated ATRP (SI-ATRP). Acting as a solid particle emulsifier, the designed n-HAP-g-PDMAEMA-stabilized Pickering emulsion displayed dual pH and temperature response with reversible behaviors. This work presents a versatile and simple way for the fabrication of initiator-immobilized solid NPs (e.g., n-HAP NCs, gibbsite nanoplatelets, and γ-FeOOH nanofibers) ready for polymer grafting and thus enables promising performance in widespread applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nano-Hydroxyapatite Particle Brushes via Direct Initiator Tethering and Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Dual Responsive Pickering Emulsion

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Langmuir

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show abstract

“…17,18 In terms of surface-initiated controlled/living polymerization, the visible advantage of "graing from" strategy is the ability to design and control the molecular weight coupled with a high degree of exibility towards different chain growth mechanisms. 19 A variety of living polymerization, including cationic, anionic, group transfer and controlled radical polymerization (CRPs) have been used to gra polymer on to the surface of different inorganic particles. [20][21][22][23] Among those different CRPs, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) has shown the compatibility with functional monomer and the immunity to transition metal ion contamination as compared with nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%