Synthesis of <i>p</i>-cymene by the electrocatalytic oxidation of α-terpinene and γ-terpinene

Luo, Chenyun; Niu, Chuanyong; Zhou, Jun; Li, Xiangzhou

doi:10.1039/d3nj01192e

New J. Chem.

2023

DOI: 10.1039/d3nj01192e

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Synthesis of p-cymene by the electrocatalytic oxidation of α-terpinene and γ-terpinene

Chenyun Luo

Chuanyong Niu

Jun Zhou

et al.

Abstract: Flavors and green fine chemicals produced from monocyclic terpenes in plant essential oils is a promising approach. However, traditional method still remains great challenges due to harsh reaction conditions and...

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Benzenoid Aromatics from Renewable Resources

Zheng,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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In this Review, all known chemical methods for the conversion of renewable resources into benzenoid aromatics are summarized. The raw materials that were taken into consideration are CO 2 ; lignocellulose and its constituents cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin; carbohydrates, mostly glucose, fructose, and xylose; chitin; fats and oils; terpenes; and materials that are easily obtained via fermentation, such as biogas, bioethanol, acetone, and many more. There are roughly two directions. One much used method is catalytic fast pyrolysis carried out at high temperatures (between 300 and 700 °C depending on the raw material), which leads to the formation of biochar; gases, such as CO, CO 2 , H 2 , and CH 4 ; and an oil which is a mixture of hydrocarbons, mostly aromatics. The carbon selectivities of this method can be reasonably high when defined small molecules such as methanol or hexane are used but are rather low when highly oxygenated compounds such as lignocellulose are used. The other direction is largely based on the multistep conversion of platform chemicals obtained from lignocellulose, cellulose, or sugars and a limited number of fats and terpenes. Much research has focused on furan compounds such as furfural, 5hydroxymethylfurfural, and 5-chloromethylfurfural. The conversion of lignocellulose to xylene via 5-chloromethylfurfural and dimethylfuran has led to the construction of two large-scale plants, one of which has been operational since 2023.

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Benzenoid Aromatics from Renewable Resources

Zheng,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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Microbial Fermentation and Therapeutic Potential of p-Cymene: Insights into Biosynthesis and Antimicrobial Bioactivity

Pyo,

Jung

2024

Fermentation

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p-Cymene (p-C) [1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-benzene] is a monoterpene found in a variety of plants and has several biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. This paper explores the microbial fermentation pathways involved in the biosynthesis of p-C, with an emphasis on its potential as a therapeutic agent. Through microbial and biochemical processes, p-C can be produced using renewable precursors such as limonene and 1,8-cineole. Recent advances in fermentation technology have enhanced the efficiency of p-C production, highlighting its role in various industries. Additionally, this paper reviews the antimicrobial bioactivity of p-C, focusing on its ability to inhibit pathogens and modulate immune responses. The integration of microbial biosynthesis and fermentation methods offers a sustainable approach to producing p-C for applications in the perfume, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical sectors. Understanding these biosynthetic pathways is crucial for advancing the use of p-C as a bio-based chemical with therapeutic potential. In particular, p-C inhibits the expression of cytokine signal 3 in intestinal inflammation and modulates antioxidant and immunomodulatory systems to protect barrier cells and maintain the mucus layer.

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Synthesis of p-cymene by the electrocatalytic oxidation of α-terpinene and γ-terpinene

Abstract: Flavors and green fine chemicals produced from monocyclic terpenes in plant essential oils is a promising approach. However, traditional method still remains great challenges due to harsh reaction conditions and...

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Benzenoid Aromatics from Renewable Resources

Benzenoid Aromatics from Renewable Resources

Microbial Fermentation and Therapeutic Potential of p-Cymene: Insights into Biosynthesis and Antimicrobial Bioactivity

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