Synthesis of Indicators, Datasets, and Frameworks Available to Establish Resilience and Adaptation Indicators: Case Study of Chesapeake Bay Region, USA

Kenney, Melissa A.; Gerst, Michael D.

doi:10.1007/s40641-021-00170-6

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Therefore, the degradation of the system is having an impact on the economic goods and services the Bay provides . Overall, the main impacts are on water quality, fisheries, aesthetics, environmental resilience, and human health (Kemp et al, 2005;Compton et al, 2011;Steinzor et al, 2012;George, 2019;Miller Hesed et al, 2020;Kenney and Gerst, 2021). Kemp et al (2005) provided an integrated synthesis with timelines and evaluation of ecological responses to eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay.…”

Section: Impacts (On Societal Welfare)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-ecological analysis of the eutrophication in Chesapeake Bay, USA

Leyva Ollivier,

Newton,

Kelsey

2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This study is a social-ecological analysis of eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay, United States of America (USA). It uses an expanded DPSIR framework (Drivers/Pressures/State/ Impacts/Responses) methodology to analyze the issue. In addition, a typology of the social actors and stakeholders in the socio-economic part of the system is identified. These stakeholders include residents, agriculturists, fishers, real estate developers, tourism operators, scientific researchers, and state and federal regulators. The framework results found that the Drivers are food security, housing, economic development, recreation pursuits, a sense of belonging, and population growth. These result in human Activities such as land and coastal change for development, coastline changes for fisheries, urban or suburban development, burning fossil fuels, and agricultural fertilization. The activities exert Pressures such as wastewater discharge, runoff from cleared land, atmospheric deposition (NOx), nutrient input, decreased tidal vegetation, and overfishing of filter feeders. These alterations change the State of the environment and its resilience by increasing the duration and areal extent of hypoxia, turbidity, and change in nutrient ratios. This also causes ecosystem changes, such as a decrease in wildlife diversity, and affects ecosystem services, such as decreasing nutrient buffering. The health of Chesapeake Bay benefits all stakeholders and wildlife, so the reduction of ecosystem services results in Impacts on society’s welfare and well-being, the economy, and environmental justice. Examples are decreased fishery yields and poorer water quality, affecting aesthetics, tourism, and ultimately human health. The governance Response to the degradation of the Chesapeake Bay and main management Measures has been the formation of the Chesapeake Bay Program, which has developed several agreements to improve water quality. The Chesapeake Bay Foundation, Chesapeake Progress, and Report Cards are accountability tools to observe and communicate the management project results or enforce state laws. The current management shows promising results, but further efforts are required to improve the water quality. Using various management options may bridge this gap to benefit all stakeholders. The main conclusion is that, although eutrophication is a complex problem, there is a scientific knowledge-base and a range of management options to restore the Chesapeake Bay.

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Section: Impacts (On Societal Welfare)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-ecological analysis of the eutrophication in Chesapeake Bay, USA

Leyva Ollivier,

Newton,

Kelsey

2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Los investigadores y profesionales de la adaptación están empezando a hacer un seguimiento del número de acciones, a evaluar la efectividad de aquellas que se han producido y a evaluar la suficiencia a largo plazo de los proyectos de adaptación. Sin embargo, los marcos, el monitoreo, los indicadores y las evaluaciones que evalúan las prácticas de adaptación, los co-beneficios, la igualdad y la implementación a niveles adecuados de granularidad aún están en fase de desarrollo 1,29,30,31,32,33,34,35 . La investigación se centra en evaluar las estructuras de gobernanza que favorecen la adaptación y los obstáculos a la adaptación 36,37 .…”

Section: Fase 5: Montiroeo Y Evaluaciónunclassified

“…ej., pérdidas evitadas). Por lo general, las evaluaciones de la efectividad de las medidas de adaptación se han limitado al rendimiento de proyectos específicos frente a un conjunto limitado de eventos extremos o condiciones climáticas 32,151,152,153,154 . Investigadores y profesionales de la adaptación han empezado a hacer seguimiento del número de acciones que se han llevado a cabo en los EE.…”

Section: Mensaje Clave 313 Una Adaptación Transformadora Será Necesar...unclassified

Cap. 31. Adaptación. En: La Quinta Evaluación Nacional del Clima

2023

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Cambio institucional; cambios en la dieta y el desperdicio de alimentos; diversificación de los medios de subsistencia y las fuentes de ingresos; adaptación de las prácticas agrícolas, pesqueras o ganaderas (Recuadro 29.5); mejora de las variedades de cultivos; almacenamiento, distribución y seguridad de los alimentos; reducción del riesgo de desastres; migración permanente, retirada planificada o reubicación (KM 21.3, 24.4); movilidad estacional o temporal; redes de seguridad social y cohesión; protección social adaptativa; uso y demanda de agua; técnicas de gestión del suelo o de la tierra; almacenamiento posterior a la cosecha; recolección de agua de lluvia; ampliación de la gestión integrada de plagas; retirada estratégica de la costa (KM 9.3); protección de la tierra; cambios en los hábitos de transporte; mejora de la salud pública (KM 23.5). TecnologíaDesarrollo de tecnologías nuevas o ampliación de las existentes para permitir y avanzar en la adaptación; tecnologías de mejora del uso del agua o del acceso al agua; capacidad de energía solar; energía eólica; almacenamiento de energía; biogás; purificación del agua; producción de sal solar; microrredes; inteligencia artificial y aprendizaje automático. Número de actividades de adaptación documentadas públicamente (2018-2022)El nivel de actividad de adaptación documentada de los sectores público y privado varía mucho entre los estados y territorios estadounidenses.

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“…Each broad area translates into a plethora of potential individual indicators (Kenney & Gerst, 2021;Lehtonen, 2015) that may be used, such as dollars/euros invested, the numbers of laws on the statute books, or the level of pollutants in the air. However, not every monitoring approach is equal; it often tends to be easier to monitor policy outputs than outcomes.…”

Section: What Do They Monitor?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Green Deal: What Prospects for Governing Climate Change With Policy Monitoring?

Schoenefeld

2021

PaG

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The European Green Deal (EGD) puts forward and engages with review mechanisms, such as the European Semester and policy monitoring, to ensure progress towards the long-term climate targets in a turbulent policy environment. Soft-governance mechanisms through policy monitoring have been long in the making, but their design, effects, and politics remain surprisingly under-researched. While some scholars have stressed their importance to climate governance, others have highlighted the difficulties in implementing robust policy monitoring systems, suggesting that they are neither self-implementing nor apolitical. This article advances knowledge on climate policy monitoring in the EU by proposing a new analytical framework to better understand past, present, and potential future policy monitoring efforts, especially in the context of the EGD. Drawing on Lasswell (1965), it unpacks the politics of policy monitoring by analysing who monitors, what, why, when, and with what effect(s). The article discusses each element of the framework with a view to three key climate policy monitoring efforts in the EU which are particularly relevant for the EGD, namely those emerging from the Energy Efficiency Directive, the Renewable Energy Directive, and the Monitoring Mechanism Regulation (now included in the Energy Union Governance Regulation), as well as related processes for illustration. Doing so reveals that the policy monitoring regimes were set up differently in each case, that definitions of the subject of monitoring (i.e., public policies) either differ or remain elusive, and that the corresponding political and policy impact of monitoring varies. The article concludes by reflecting on the implications of the findings for governing climate change by means of monitoring through the emerging EGD.

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Synthesis of Indicators, Datasets, and Frameworks Available to Establish Resilience and Adaptation Indicators: Case Study of Chesapeake Bay Region, USA

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Socio-ecological analysis of the eutrophication in Chesapeake Bay, USA

Socio-ecological analysis of the eutrophication in Chesapeake Bay, USA

Cap. 31. Adaptación. En: La Quinta Evaluación Nacional del Clima

The European Green Deal: What Prospects for Governing Climate Change With Policy Monitoring?

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