Synthesis of lead oxide thin films by using physical vapor deposition technique

Abdulrahman, Ahmed Fattah; Mohammed, Raghad Y.; Ahmed, Sabah M.; Hamad, Samir M.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.12.716

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Deposited films can span a wide range of chemical compositions based on the source materials, and further compositions are possible using co-deposition from multiple sources. Fabricated thin films using physical vapour deposition techniques range from lead oxide thin films [23] to carbon-metal composite thin films [24]. The controllable growth of aluminium nanorods (NRs), with diameters between 50 and 500 nm, using PVD has also been demonstrated.…”

Section: Vapour-phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale self-assembly: concepts, applications and challenges

2022

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Self-assembly offers unique possibilities for fabricating nanostructures, with different morphologies and properties, typically from vapor or liquid phase precursors. Molecular units, nanoparticles, biological molecules and other discrete elements can spontaneously organise or form via interactions at the nanoscale. Currently, nanoscale self-assembly finds applications in a wide variety of areas including carbon nanomaterials and semiconductor nanowires, semiconductor heterojunctions and superlattices, the deposition of quantum dots, drug delivery, such as mRNA-based vaccines, and modern integrated circuits and nanoelectronics, to name a few. Recent advancements in drug delivery, silicon nanoelectronics, lasers and nanotechnology in general, owing to nanoscale self-assembly, coupled with its versatility, simplicity and scalability, have highlighted its importance and potential for fabricating more complex nanostructures with advanced functionalities in the future. This review aims to provide readers with concise information about the basic concepts of nanoscale self-assembly, its applications to date, and future outlook. First, an overview of various self-assembly techniques such as vapour deposition, colloidal growth, molecular self-assembly and directed self-assembly/hybrid approaches are discussed. Applications in diverse fields involving specific examples of nanoscale self-assembly then highlight the state of the art and finally, the future outlook for nanoscale self-assembly and potential for more complex nanomaterial assemblies in the future as technological functionality increases.

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Section: Vapour-phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale self-assembly: concepts, applications and challenges

2022

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“…At present, lead has multiple oxidation states and different oxide materials including PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 and Pb 3 O 4 have been studied [15] . Oxide of lead particles has large significance because of its exceptional functioning in broad range of uses such as luminescent materials, gas sensors, storage devices, magnetic memory, acid batteries, paints and decorative potteries [15] . Due to ease of design, little amount of synthesis, reliability and relative protection, they are better and develop properties of lead oxide [16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Pure and Bi‐Doped Lead Oxides via Microwave‐Assisted Solvothermal Methodology and their Electrochemical Characterization

Danish,

Mehmood,

Sandhu

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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In this study, we have reported the synthesis of both pure and bismuth‐doped lead oxide nanoparticles using solvothermal method. The synthesized nanomaterials were analyzed to assess their structure, crystallinity, phase, maximum absorption and band gap. The electrical characteristics of the fabricated nanostructures were evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electron impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The maximum specific capacitance and energy density, 349.96 F/g and 95.27 Wh/g respectively, were attained at a scan rate of 200 mV/s in pure lead oxide. The synthesized pure lead oxide has displayed remarkable cyclic stability, retaining approximately 83 % of its performance even after undergoing 2000 cycles. The addition of bismuth to the lead oxide appeared to inhibit the electrochemical properties of lead oxide due to bismuth ion adsorption. This effect is directly concerned with the amount of dopant which predicted the increase in bismuth contents potentially suppressed the performance of the lead oxide. Our study provides insights into the possible uses of lead oxides in energy storage and conversion devices by revealing a previously unexplored method for optimizing their electrochemical characteristics. The understanding of oxide‐based materials in materials science and electrochemistry is expected to advance with the use of this novel technology.

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“…Various approaches have been developed for the synthesis of PbO particles, including ball milling-annealing method [13], physical vapor deposition method [14], chemical bath deposition method [15], and single precursor method [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS PbO PARTICLES

Vena,

Nandiyanto,

Ragadhita

et al. 2023

Flash

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This study aims to develop and analyze the design of heat exchangers (HE) in the synthesis of PbO particles using a single precursor method. This type of HE shell and tube one-pass is designed to be simple. The specifications of HE equipment are shell length 1.5200 m, shell diameter 0.1361 m, outer tube diameter 0.0334 m, and thickness 0.0243 m. Then the calculation is done manually using the Microsoft Excel application. The results showed that the HE shell and tube design with the one pass type has a laminar flow, with an effective value of 84.66%. Therefore, this heat exchanger with shell and tube one meets the requirements and standards based on effectiveness, but without considering the fouling factor. The results of this analysis can be used as a learning medium in the design process, analysis of heat exchanger performance, and operating mechanisms.

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Synthesis of lead oxide thin films by using physical vapor deposition technique

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Nanoscale self-assembly: concepts, applications and challenges

Nanoscale self-assembly: concepts, applications and challenges

Synthesis of Pure and Bi‐Doped Lead Oxides via Microwave‐Assisted Solvothermal Methodology and their Electrochemical Characterization

DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS PbO PARTICLES

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