Synthesis of liquid‐filled nanocapsules via the miniemulsion technique

Abstract

This study describes the synthesis of well‐defined nanocapsules via the miniemulsion technique. Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3‐mercaptopropionate) (TetraThiol) or 1,6‐hexanediol di(endo, exo‐norborn‐2‐ene‐5‐carboxylate) (DiNorbornene) is used as the oil phase. TetraThiol is encapsulated via the miniemulsion technique without polymerization, as this monomer would simultaneously act as a chain‐transfer agent, and DiNorbornene is encapsulated via miniemulsion polymerization of styrene. Various styrene‐maleic anhydride (PSMA) copolymers and poly(styrene‐maleic anhydride)‐block‐polystyrene (PSMA‐b‐PS) block copolymers were used as surfactant for the synthesis of well‐defined nanocapsules with TetraThiol as the core material. The nanocapsules had a diameter of 150–350 nm and the particle size distribution was narrow. The use of PSMA‐b‐PS block copolymers as surfactant in combination with post‐addition of formaldehyde provided improved stability to the nanocapsules. DiNorbornene was encapsulated via miniemulsion polymerization of styrene, and a stable latex with a bimodal particle size distribution was obtained. The distribution of small particles had a size of 60 nm and the distribution of large particles had a size of 150 nm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010

Self-healing polymeric materials based on microencapsulated healing agents: From design to preparation

“…Van den Dungen and Klumperman reported the synthesis of liquid-filled nanocapsules for self-healing using the miniemulsion techniques [163]. Well-defined nanocapsules (150-350 nm) containing pentaerythritol tetrakis ( DiNorbornene also acted as a co-stabilizer due to its high hydrophobicity and high boiling point.…”

Microcapsule-based self-healing materials

“…Van Den Dungen and Klumperman [37] reported the synthesis of liquid-filled nanocapsules for self-healing via the miniemulsion technique. The well-defined nanocapsules (150-350 nm) containing pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) as core material were made with styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (PSMA) shell.…”

Microencapsulation of Mercaptan Using Polycaprolactone as Shell Material Toward Self-Healing Coating Applications

“…Mercaptan compounds, such as the tetrathiol pentaerythritoltetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate), have only been widely encapsulated in poly(melamine-formaldehyde) and poly(ureaformaldehyde) shells [8,9]. However, care has to be taken in these procedures because of side reactions of tetrathiol during the shell crosslinking condensation reaction [9].…”