Synthesis of Maximally Sparse Arrays Using Compressive Sensing and Full-Wave Analysis for Global Earth Coverage Applications

Compressive Sensing Multiplicative Antenna Array

“…SLL = -25 dB, which first degraded to -24.5 dB after CS implementation, and then to -16.7dB at the cost of null placement at ~1°. For the multi-fold circularly symmetric array, adequate sampling density is found to be 0.08λ -0.03λ [25], on the other hand, it has been noticed that the definitions in equation (10) and (11) in this paper does not limit the sampling density, provided that the computational complexity penalty is paid.…”

“…The given approaches are valid for a planar array in contrast to the linear array in our presented method. Another recent effort by Bencivenni et al [25] presented sub-dividing the circular aperture of an array by enforcing rotational symmetry using CS to achieve array thinning, again for a planar array lattice. Bencivenni's approach uses CS in 2-D with two degrees of freedom, and shows steering capability of ±8° for a Global Earth Coverage Application.…”

“…Bencivenni's approach uses CS in 2-D with two degrees of freedom, and shows steering capability of ±8° for a Global Earth Coverage Application. In an attempt to draw an equitable comparison, SATCOM application specifications (Table I in [25]) are realized using multiplicative receiver array for a fixed beam case. By assuming isotropic antenna elements, we examined a 385 element array with 8-fold rotational symmetry.…”

“…Recent research efforts have shown to outperform previous approaches in terms of required radiation characteristics and convergence speed. Some of the most notable techniques include genetic algorithm (GA) [16], [17], iterative Fourier transform (IFT) [10], [18], particle swarm (PS) [19]- [21], multi-level branch-and-bound (B&B) [22] matrix pencil method [23], Compressive sensing [24], [25], invasive weed (IW) [26], ant colony [27] and so on. A number of hybrid schemes of multiple approaches were also proposed [28], [29].…”

A Lexicographic Approach for Multi-Objective Optimization in Antenna Array Design

“…Thus, the mutual coupling effects on both the co-polar and cross-polar patterns radiated by the feeds [20][21][22] can be safely neglected during the synthesis. To better clarify this aspect, as preliminary step we analysed the relevance of the mutual coupling in the sparse array under analysis by carrying out a full-wave simulation with HFSS involving circularly polarized horns of 3λ diameter (namely, the dimension of the feeds that are used in the example of this paragraph); the height of the truncated cone of the horns is 4λ and the bottom section diameter is 0.6λ.…”