Synthesis of monodisperse poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microspheres with binary porous structures and application in high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

Monodisperse poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) microspheres with binary porous structures were synthesized using a modified seeded polymerization method. The microspheres had small pores on the surface and big pores in the middle. Using the binary porous PS-DVB (BPPSD) microspheres as packing materials for high-performance liquid chromatography, several benzene analogs were effectively separated in a column as short as 75 mm due to the high surface areas of the stationary phase. Because of the p-p affinity interaction between BPPSD particles and analytes, the separation performance of the BPPSD column was better than commercialized C 18 column at the same conditions. Compared to column filled with non-porous PS-DVB particles, the back pressure of BPPSD column could be maintained at especially low level even at high flow rates due to the excellent permeability of the fillers. In addition, approximate baseline separation of C 60 and C 70 was also achieved in the 75 mm BPPSD column.

Preparation of morphology-controllable PGMA-DVB microspheres by introducing Span 80 into seed emulsion polymerization

“…In others words, it takes several hours to complete the swelling procedure, and some monomer phase emulsion droplets packing water entered into the swelling particles. [50][51][52] In swelling procedure, there were some monomer phase emulsion droplets which could absorb water by themselves due to the presence of Span 80 before they were absorbed by swelling PS seeds (as illustrated in Fig. 5).…”

Synthesis of monodisperse silica microspheres and modification with diazoresin for mixed-mode ultra high performance liquid chromatography separations

“…As we all know, the most commonly used columns for chromatographic separation are the one which is packed with particle‐based stationary phase , and reversed‐phase chromatography is by far the most widely used mode . Among various types of particles used for packing materials, the modified silica particles have almost been the most widely used stationary phase for chromatographic separation due to some advantageous characteristics, such as a relatively high specific surface area, narrow particle size distribution, and good mechanical stability .…”

“…As we all know, the most commonly used columns for chromatographic separation are the one which is packed with particle-based stationary phase [14,15], and reversed-phase chromatography is by far the most widely used mode [16,17].…”

“…Since different silica particle sizes make a great difference in its physical, electrical, and optical properties, it is necessary to pay special attention to the effective methods for preparing silica particles with low polydispersity (PDI). Up to now, monodisperse silica particles with different diameters have been prepared using different synthetic methods such as microemulsion method [9], sol-gel method [10,11], and Stöber method [12,13].As we all know, the most commonly used columns for chromatographic separation are the one which is packed with particle-based stationary phase [14,15], and reversed-phase chromatography is by far the most widely used mode [16,17].…”

Further insight into the mechanism of poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) microsphere formation

“…Polystyrene latex microspheres (PSLs) are used in applications ranging from high‐performance chromatography column packing materials to seeding materials for airflow velocity measurements in wind tunnels, as well as in drug‐delivery and for other biomedical purposes . NASA has particular interest in these meso‐scaled materials due to their ubiquitous use, low production cost and complexity, and the large number of nearly geometrically identical particles that can be produced.…”