Synthesis of monodisperse ZnO nanostructures via a solvent extraction route and its use in varistor ceramics

Abstract

An approach to synthesize monodisperse ZnO nanostructures through a solvent extraction route has been developed in the present work. The dispersive ZnO nanoneedles with little agglomeration can be synthesized at the equal moles of PC-88A and N1923. The ZnO nanostructures exhibit flower-like morphology with the dimension of 200-250 nm with pointed tip of 80-100 nm size when the molar ratios changed to 3:1. Plausible growth mechanism for the formation of monodisperse nanostructure has been discussed in detail. Additionally, using doped-ZnO powders via this solvent extraction route after sintering in air at 1150°C for 2 h, the varistor possesses good electrical characteristics, with present nonlinear coefficient (26.2 ± 0.63) and high breakdown voltage (285 ± 5 V/ cm), low leakage current (0.18 ± 0.08 lA).

The effect of TiO2 concentration on the electrical and microstructural properties of ZnO-base varistor ceramic prepared from nanosize ZnO particles

“…has received a great deal of attention. ZnO is a wide bandgap and n -type semiconductor with a direct optical band gap of ∼3.37 eV and large exciton binding energy of 60 meV [1,2]. ZnO-based varistors are electronic ceramic devices with nonlinearity in their current–voltage characteristics.…”