Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes catalyzed by substituted ferrocenes

The use of organometallic transition metal complexes in the synthesis of shaped carbon nanomaterials

“…The use of simple carbon ligand substituents impacts on ferrocene in terms of both physical (volatility) and chemical (electronic) factors and consequently SCNM synthesis. For example, a comparison of FcH with (C 5 H 4 Me)(C 5 H 5 )Fe as catalyst under identical reaction conditions, revealed the formation of MWCNTs with larger diameters when the Me group is present [24]. Further, Keller and co-workers have decomposed alkyne substituted ferrocenes to give CNTs with Fe embedded in the CNT [25].…”

“…Several studies have indicated that the diameters and distribution of the carbon spheres [48] as well as CNTs can be controlled by varying the reaction time, feed time and reactant flow rate [50]. Variation of these parameters not only affected the sizes but also controlled the product SCNM yields and distribution [24]. In addition, it has been reported that adjusting the partial pressure of the carbon source in the CVD synthesis of CNTs in the floating catalyst method, can control the mean diameters as well as the amount of material produced [51,52].…”

The effect of arylferrocene ring substituents on the synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

“…Currently only a limited number of studies have appeared in the literature describing the effect of ferrocene (FcH) substituents on SCNM product formation using the CVD floating catalyst method [29][30][31]. Furthermore, no information has been reported on the use of arylferrocenyl derivatives in the synthesis of SCNMs.…”

CVD synthesis of nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes using ferrocene/aniline mixtures

“…Interestingly most of these studies have focused on ferrocene derivatives as they provide a facile means of adding elements such as carbon and sulfur into the reactant stream. For example, a recent study reports a method of using a hetero atom (sulfur) to modify multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) synthesis using a modified sulfur containing ferrocene catalyst acting as both a catalyst and a carbon source [10].…”