Synthesis of nano‐sized ZnO and polyaniline‐zinc oxide composite: Characterization, stability in terms of DC electrical conductivity retention and application in ammonia vapor detection

Abstract

Nano-sized particles of Zinc oxide (ZnO) were synthesized using a new chemical rout. The chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of nano ZnO was employed to synthesize a polyaniline-zinc oxide (PANI-ZnO) nanocomposite. The material was characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The conductivity measurements showed the resulting composites possessed higher conductivity as compared to pure polyaniline (PANI). The nanocomposite exhibited fairly sensitive towards solution of aqueous ammonia (NH 3 ), when it was exposed to various concentrations of NH 3 in an ambient room temperature. The results show that the sensor has good sensitivity and good repeatability upon repeated exposure to NH 3 . PANI-ZnO nanocomposite was also used to study electrical conductivity under isothermal conditions in the temperature range 50-130 C. The composite was found stable under ambient conditions below 90 C in terms of DC electrical conductivity retention.

Investigation of the electrical conductivity and optical property of polyaniline-based nanocomposite and its application as an ethanol vapor sensor

“…30 The pelletized sample material was placed on the base plate with a four-in-line-probe configuration and the probe was allowed to rest on the middle of the pellet.…”

CHARACTERIZATION-PERFORMANCE OF ZnO AND ZnO/ZnFe2O4 CATALYST USING ARTIFICIAL AND SOLAR LIGHT FOR MERCURY (II) REDUCTION

“…The bands present in the range of 400-700 cm -1 are attributed to Zn-O vibrations (Chakma et al, 2013;Khan et al, 2010;Becheri et al, 2008) while peaks around 1378 cm -1 denote H-O-H vibrations present in the ZnO crystals structure, which may be derived from the water used during the semiconductor synthesis (Raja et al, 2014). The vibrations between 3450 and 3500 cm -1 indicate the presence of hydroxyl OH groups (Maya-Treviño et al, 2015;Chakma et al, 2013;Khan and Khalid, 2010). According to Chakma et al, 2013 andPandiyarajan et al, 2012, the peaks that appear between 800 and 500 cm -1 can be attributed to Fe 3+ on the ZnFe 2 O 4 surface (Qamar et al, 2017).…”

“…In Figure 4B, the bands from 3700 to 3300 cm -1 are related to the symmetric and asymmetric stretches of the hydroxyl groups of H 2 O molecules and those located between 669 and 836 cm -1 correspond to the iron atoms and at 1380 cm -1 , correspond to the stretching caused by NO 3- (Chakma et al, 2013;Khan et al, 2010;Maya-Treviño et al, 2015;Cunha et al, 1996).…”

Preparation, characterization and kinetics of ion exchange studies of Ni2+ selective polyaniline–Zr(IV)molybdophosphate nanocomposite cation exchanger

“…Moreover development of nanocomposite ion exchange materials [6,7] and conductivity of organic-inorganic ion exchangers [8] enhance the utility of these materials in separation as well as detection and determination of ionic species by ion exchange chromatographic techniques [9][10][11]. Recently in our laboratory electrical conductive composite ion exchangers were used as gas/vapor sensors and in making ion selective membrane electrode [12][13][14][15]. Good results were repeatedly obtained by exposure of aqueous ammonia and alcohols to these materials.…”