“…Over the past two decades, bulk and nanoscale nickel oxide (NiO) have attracted attention for their high stability, nontoxicity,, and anomalous chemical, electrochemical,, electronic,,, magnetic,,, and catalytic,,, and optical,,, properties. NiO nanoparticles (NiONPs), in particular, are used in a variety of fields as electrochemical sensors, biosensors,, electrochromic windows, gas sensors,, super capacitor, batteries, fuel cells,, photovoltaic cell, electrochemical water splitting,, catalysis,,, and photocatalysis . The broad applicability of nanoscale NiO relies on the material's high surface area and interesting properties, including chemical, electrochemical, and catalytic properties, which are not present in the bulk material.…”