Synthesis of nanostructured Pt x Ni/C and Pt x Co/C catalysts and their activity in the reaction of oxygen electroreduction

Guterman, A. V.; Pakhomova, E. B.; Гутерман, В. Е.; Kabirov, Yu. V.; Григорьев, В. П.

doi:10.1134/s0020168509070115

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…An important characteristic of PtRu and a number of other platinum alloys is a high tolerance to CO [47][48][49]. Optimum catalytic properties in the oxygen reduction reaction are achieved at a Pt : metal ratio of about 7 : 3 [50][51][52].…”

Section: Fuel Cell Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfaces in Materials for Hydrogen Power Engineering

Стенина

Yaroslavtsev

2019

Membr. Membr. Technol.

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Hydrogen power engineering is based on the production of hydrogen and subsequent oxidation of it to generate electrical energy. Using the example of ion-exchange membranes, catalysts for low-temperature fuel cells, and catalysts for alcohol steam reforming, the features of the transfer, catalysis, and electrocatalysis in hydrogen power engineering are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the role of interfaces. The occurrence of transport processes in ion-exchange membranes is determined by a system of pores and channels that are formed in the membranes owing to self-organization processes. The main selective transport of counterions occurs in a thin Debye layer at the interface between the polymer and the water solution that fills the pores. The transport of gases in these systems occurs through an electrically neutral solution localized in the center of the pores; it can be controlled by introducing nanoparticles into the pores. Catalytic processes in fuel cells occur at the interface between three phases, namely, the catalyst, the support, and the proton-conducting component. The role of the support in the stabilization and enhancement of the power of fuel cells is discussed. Despite the significant difference, the laws governing the catalytic processes of alcohol steam reforming are similar to those of fuel cells in many respects. The nature of metal catalysts is responsible for the preferred direction of the process, whereas the nature of the support largely determines the catalyst performance.

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Section: Fuel Cell Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfaces in Materials for Hydrogen Power Engineering

Стенина

Yaroslavtsev

2019

Membr. Membr. Technol.

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“…The use of Pt/C materials as electrocatalysts for low temperature hydrogen and methanol fuel cells is the main reason for the development of methods for the preparation and study of the relationship of structure and functional characteristics of Pt/C materials. , Platinum has the highest specific catalytic activity of all known materials in the reactions occurring at the electrodes of low-temperature fuel cells and also has a large surface area in its highly dispersed state. , The deposition of platinum on the microparticles of the carbon support allows platinum nanoparticles to be stabilized ensuring free supply and removal of electrons through carbon microparticles. Most of the works published recently in the development of methods for the preparation of Pt/C materials and for diagnostics of their structural and functional characteristics are directly or indirectly related to searching for ways to improve their specific catalytic activity and morphological stability. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons for the Differences in the Kinetics of Thermal Oxidation of the Support in Pt/C Electrocatalysts

et al. 2014

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High-temperature oxidation processes of carbon microparticles Vulcan XC72 coated with platinum nanoparticles (Pt/C) were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The presence of different specific temperature ranges in the oxidation of carbon support was shown to be due to both the peculiarities of granulometric composition of carbon black microparticles, different size, and uneven spatial distribution of platinum nanoparticles in the pores and on the surface of the carbon support. The correlation between the length of a section in the thermograms and the fraction of carbon microparticles poorly coated with platinum can be used to analyze the uniformity of Pt nanoparticle spatial distribution in the metal–carbon catalysts and therefore to select electrocatalysts with optimal microstructure. This analysis is expected to be effectively utilized in order to assess the uniformity of platinum distribution on carbon microparticles and also to provide additional information about granulometric composition of carbon supports.

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“…The Pt–Ni bimetallic NPs have been proposed both as cathode material with improved performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) , and as anode material with improved activity for MOR. − For MOR, it is widely accepted that the most significant reactions are the dissociative adsorption of methanol and the oxidation of CO. Platinum is the most active metal for dissociative adsorption of methanol to intermediates, such as CO, however, as it is well-known, at moderate temperatures it is easily poisoned by the adsorbed CO ads .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Pt−Ni bimetallic NPs have been proposed both as cathode material with improved performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) 8,9 and as anode material with improved activity for MOR. 10−12 For MOR, it is widely accepted that the most significant reactions are the dissociative adsorption of methanol and the oxidation of CO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of Pt_nNi Nanoparticles Electrocatalysts Investigated by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

Bao¹,

Li²,

Jiang

et al. 2013

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Carbon supported Pt−Ni nanoparticles (NPs) electrocatalysts with nominal Pt/Ni atomic ratios of 3:1, 2:1, and 1:1, denoted as Pt 3 Ni/C, Pt 2 Ni/C, and Pt 1 Ni/C, respectively, were obtained by a modified polyol process. The structure of Pt n Ni/C (n = 3, 2, 1) electrocatalysts was studied by using an X-ray absorption spectroscopy technique combined with X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Significantly, the NPs of Pt 3 Ni/C in air are demonstrated to have a quasi core−shell structure consisting of a core of metallic Pt surrounded by many small NiO x clusters. In contrast, both Pt 2 Ni/C and Pt 1 Ni/C are demonstrated to have an alloy structure with partial oxidation on the surface. Under the atmosphere of H 2 at 393 K, the Pt n Ni/C became the expected bimetallic alloy. At last, we discuss the effect of Ni amount on the structure of Pt n Ni/C and estimate their possible catalytic activity for methanol oxidation reaction. Our results further confirmed that the structure of Pt−Ni NPs can be influenced by Ni amount and this effect may be enlarged by environment effects.

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Synthesis of nanostructured Pt x Ni/C and Pt x Co/C catalysts and their activity in the reaction of oxygen electroreduction

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Interfaces in Materials for Hydrogen Power Engineering

Interfaces in Materials for Hydrogen Power Engineering

Reasons for the Differences in the Kinetics of Thermal Oxidation of the Support in Pt/C Electrocatalysts

Structure of Pt_nNi Nanoparticles Electrocatalysts Investigated by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

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Synthesis of nanostructured Pt x Ni/C and Pt x Co/C catalysts and their activity in the reaction of oxygen electroreduction

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Interfaces in Materials for Hydrogen Power Engineering

Interfaces in Materials for Hydrogen Power Engineering

Reasons for the Differences in the Kinetics of Thermal Oxidation of the Support in Pt/C Electrocatalysts

Structure of PtnNi Nanoparticles Electrocatalysts Investigated by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

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Product

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Structure of Pt_nNi Nanoparticles Electrocatalysts Investigated by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy