Synthesis of nanotabular barium titanate via a hydrothermal route

Abstract

As layer thickness of multilayer ceramic capacitors decreases, nanoparticles of high dielectric materials, especially BaTiO 3, are needed. Tabular metal nanoparticles produce thin metal layers with low surface roughness via electrophoretic deposition. To achieve similar results in dielectric layers requires the synthesis and dispersion of tabular BaTiO 3 nanoparticles. In the current study, the synthesis of BaTiO 3 was investigated using a hydrothermal route. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscpy analyses show that the synthesized particles are single crystal with a 〈111〉 zone axis and a median thickness of 5.8 nm and face diameter of 27.1 nm. Particle growth is likely controlled by the formation of {111} twins and the synthesis pH, which stabilizes the {111} face during growth. With limited growth in the 〈111〉 direction, the particles develop a platelike morphology. Physical property characterization shows the powder is of high purity with low hydrothermal defect concentrations and controlled stoichiometry.

Synthesis and size control of monodispersed BaTiO3–PVP nanoparticles

“…The synthesis of spherical, uniform BT nanoparticles is an important step toward the production of thinner dielectric films. This has almost been achieved with wet-chemical methods such as sol-gel [3][4][5][6][7], hydrothermal [8][9][10][11][12], low-temperature direct synthesis [13], and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) modification processes [14], which can easily prepare BT nanoparticles. However, aggregation is a critical problem for nanoparticles, which makes re-dispersion very difficult, and BT nanoparticles are of no exception.…”

Structure and Electrical Conductivity of Irradiated BaTiO3 Nanoparticles

“…The hydrothermal process is considered to be versatile, low‐cost, and environment‐friendly to prepare BaTiO 3 nanoparticles with controlled sizes and morphologies . Hydrothermal method is widely used for the synthesis of BaTiO 3 nanopowders, nanotabulars, and nanowires . BaTiO 3 is usually of four phases which depend on the formation temperature: the paraelectric cubic, ferroelectric tetragonal, orthorhombic, and rhombohedral phases .…”

Dispersion Behavior of Barium Titanate Nanoparticles Prepared by Using Various Polycarboxylic Dispersants

“…Recently, many researchers have reported the synthesis of BaTiO 3 nanoparticles using various methods such as the sol–gel process 5–9 and hydrothermal methods 10–14 . By using these methods, it is now easy to prepare BaTiO 3 nanoparticles whose primary particle sizes are less than 100 nm.…”

“…Recently, many researchers have reported the synthesis of BaTiO 3 nanoparticles using various methods such as the sol-gel process [5][6][7][8][9] and hydrothermal methods. [10][11][12][13][14] By using these methods, it is now easy to prepare BaTiO 3 nanoparticles whose primary particle sizes are less than 100 nm. However, it is rather difficult to maintain their dispersion stability without the formation of hard and irregular aggregates in both aqueous and nonaqueous suspensions.…”