Synthesis of Natural Cellulose–Based Graft Copolymers Using Methyl Methacrylate as an Efficient Monomer

Thakur, Vijay Kumar; Singha, A. S.; Thakur, Manju Kumari

doi:10.1002/adv.21317

Cited by 58 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…LCFs treated with trichlorotriazine and a coupling agent leads to the modification of some of the hydroxyl groups of the fibers through a reactive chlorine instigated reaction to reduce the water affinity of the fibers [38,44] as presented in Scheme 10a. Improved moisture resistance has been reported for polyester composites reinforced with cellulose fibers treated in this manner [62].…”

Section: Treatment With Trichlorotriazinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymeric acrylate functionality (CH 2 =CHCOO -) has been grafted on alkali-treated fibers of plant Hibiscus sabdariffa [41], Saccaharum cilliare [42], pine [43,44] as shown in the reaction Scheme 6. These modifications lead to increased tensile strength, thermal and chemical resistance, and hydrophobicity of treated fibers due to blocking of fiber hydroxyl groups by polymer grafting.…”

Section: Graftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A brief review on the chemical modifications of lignocellulosic fibers for durable engineering composites

et al. 2015

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A brief review has been presented on the existing methods to enhance the durability of lignocellulosic fibers (LCFs) for manufacturing composites for engineering applications. The free hydroxyl groups of the cellulose chains within LCFs tend to attract water molecules in moist environment, which may cause the fibers to swell and the cellulose chains to lose their integrity due to hydrolysis and oxidation imparted by the actions of biogenic enzymes or chemical factors, such as acidity, alkalinity, and salinity or UV irradiation. This study mainly highlights those technologies that present the modifications of cellulose main chain within the LCFs to improve the degradation resistance and mechanical strength. Detailed pros and cons of those chemical modifications have also been presented in this study with possible applications of the composites with special reference to durability.

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Section: Treatment With Trichlorotriazinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Graftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief review on the chemical modifications of lignocellulosic fibers for durable engineering composites

et al. 2015

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“…Hybrid materials [4] and filter paper [5] based on graft copolymers of cellulose were obtained. Methyl methacrylate is efficiently grafted on cellulose [6] both in homogeneous conditions [7], [8] and in heterogeneous conditions [9]. Grafting of N, N-dimethylacrylamide [10], methacrylic monomers [11], methyl methacrylate [12] to natural silk fibers is carried out according to the same laws as for cellulose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting Graft Cellulose Copolymers and Acrylic Monomers

Rafikov*¹,

Khojiboyevich²,

Mirzayev³

et al. 2019

IJRTE

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Graft copolymers of acrylic monomers with cotton cellulose were obtained. The dependence of the degree and efficiency of grafting of acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate to cellulose on the concentration of monomer and initiator was investigated. Pre-adsorption of the initiator in the macromolecules of cellulose leads to an increase in the efficiency of the grafting. The efficiency of grafting is higher in those systems in which the initiator used is insoluble in the monomer solvent. Absorption of cellulose with an aqueous solution of the initiator - potassium persulfate, followed by removal of water was done. The advantage of using a water-soluble initiator is that during subsequent processing with a solution of monomer in an organic solvent, the desorption of the active centers does not occur. An increase in the concentration of theinitiator leads to an increase in the degree of grafting, a slight increase in the efficiency of the grafting, a significant decrease in the degree of polymerization and the molecular weight of the graft chains. In a heterogeneous process, an increase in the efficiency of grafting with an increase in the concentration of theinitiator is promoted by the additional adsorption interaction of the initiator molecules with the surface of cellulose. With an increase in the concentration of monomers, the overall degree of conversion slightly increases, the efficiency of grafting slightly decreases, the degree of grafting and the molecular weight of the graft chains increase significantly. The mechanism of graft copolymerization was investigated by comparative analysis of the IR and PMR spectra of cellulose, potassium persulfate, acrylic monomers and products of their interaction. Due to the results of spectroscopic studies, a scheme of graft copolymerization reactions has been proposed. The active centers of graft copolymerization are formed as a result of the reductive interaction of potassium persulfate, water and cellulose macromolecules.

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“…This has led to renewed interest for the use of renewable resources and/or agro-industrial materials including lignin, wood flour, or sawdust and products, which can also be recycled. 1–64 Such materials offer the potential to act as biodegradable reinforcements to replace expensive synthetic fibers (glass or carbon fiber) and inorganic fillers due to their intrinsic characteristics and various advantages as mentioned in many earlier studies mentioned above. Wood flour or sawdust is an unavoidable byproduct of the wood industry with some of this material being used either to produce particle board or generate energy; still, a large portion is disposed as waste, which contributes to pollution of the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of domestic compatabilizer on the performance of polypropylene-sawdust composites

Santos

Trombetta²,

Flores-Sahagun

et al. 2015

Journal of Composite Materials

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Greater concern for environmental safety and fuel economy has increased interest in the use of renewable resources for development of new materials. Wood-plastic composites, made of recycled plastic and wood wastes, are very attractive in this respect, making this one of the most dynamic areas of new developments in the plastics industry in the past decade. This paper presents the preparation and characterization of polypropylene-sawdust composites by compression molding using maleated polypropylene (MAPP) produced in Brazil by reactive extrusion, with different amounts of two types of peroxides. The MAPP was characterized for thermal properties, melt flow index, and chemical structure, while the composites containing both uncoated and MAPP-coated sawdust were characterized for mechanical properties to understand the effect of coating as well as to compare these properties with those of composites prepared with commercial MAPP. The MAPP was efficient as a compatabilizer for polypropylene/sawdust composites. Better impact and tensile properties were observed in composites prepared with medium and high melt flow index compatibilizer concentrations, respectively.

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Synthesis of Natural Cellulose–Based Graft Copolymers Using Methyl Methacrylate as an Efficient Monomer

Cited by 58 publications

References 35 publications

A brief review on the chemical modifications of lignocellulosic fibers for durable engineering composites

A brief review on the chemical modifications of lignocellulosic fibers for durable engineering composites

Getting Graft Cellulose Copolymers and Acrylic Monomers

Effect of domestic compatabilizer on the performance of polypropylene-sawdust composites

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