Synthesis of norbornanepentols: analogues of inositols

Cheikh, Azzouz Ben; Craine, Leslie E.; Zemlicka, Jiri; Heeg, Mary-Jane

doi:10.1016/0008-6215(90)84089-d

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…The level of vocabulary was assessed by a standardized receptive vocabulary test [ 49 ], in which the children had to choose the picture (out of six) that matched the word read by the examiner. The test consisted of 30 items, each scored on a scale from 0 to 2 (2 points were awarded for the choice of the correct response and 1 point for the approximate response).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Predictors of Reading Comprehension in First Graders from Low Socio-Economic Status Families with Either Good or Poor Decoding Skills

2015

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Based on the assumption that good decoding skills constitute a bootstrapping mechanism for reading comprehension, the present study investigated the relative contribution of the former skill to the latter compared to that of three other predictors of reading comprehension (listening comprehension, vocabulary and phonemic awareness) in 392 French-speaking first graders from low SES families. This large sample was split into three groups according to their level of decoding skills assessed by pseudoword reading. Using a cutoff of 1 SD above or below the mean of the entire population, there were 63 good decoders, 267 average decoders and 62 poor decoders. 58% of the variance in reading comprehension was explained by our four predictors, with decoding skills proving to be the best predictor (12.1%, 7.3% for listening comprehension, 4.6% for vocabulary and 3.3% for phonemic awareness). Interaction between group versus decoding skills, listening comprehension and phonemic awareness accounted for significant additional variance (3.6%, 1.1% and 1.0%, respectively). The effects on reading comprehension of decoding skills and phonemic awareness were higher in poor and average decoders than in good decoders whereas listening comprehension accounted for more variance in good and average decoders than in poor decoders. Furthermore, the percentage of children with impaired reading comprehension skills was higher in the group of poor decoders (55%) than in the two other groups (average decoders: 7%; good decoders: 0%) and only 6 children (1.5%) had impaired reading comprehension skills with unimpaired decoding skills, listening comprehension or vocabulary. These results challenge the outcomes of studies on “poor comprehenders” by showing that, at least in first grade, poor reading comprehension is strongly linked to the level of decoding skills.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Predictors of Reading Comprehension in First Graders from Low Socio-Economic Status Families with Either Good or Poor Decoding Skills

2015

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Novel Conformationally Locked Inositols: From Aromatics to Annulated Cyclitols

Mehta

Senaiar

Bera

2003

Chemistry A European J

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A new family of ring-annulated inositols with "locked" conformations has been designed to deliver a range of these biologically important entities in "unnatural conformations" while retaining their "natural configurations". The simple "tool" of trans ring fusion has been used to "lock" the conformation of the annulated inositols. Short, simple syntheses of a range of these novel cyclitols have been achieved from readily available aromatic precursors such as tetralin and indane. Along the way, annulated C(2)-symmetric cyclohexadiene-trans-diol (trans-CHD) derivatives have been prepared for the first time and serve as the pivotal building blocks for generating the oxy-functionalization pattern of inositols. The presence of chemo-differentiated hydroxyl groups in our novel inositols is expected to facilitate the installation of phosphate diversity to harness the biological potential of these entities.

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