Synthesis of novel nitrogen-doped carbon dots for highly selective detection of iron ion

Lv, Pengfei; Yao, Yixin; Zhou, Huimin; Zhang, Jin; Pang, Zengyuan; Ao, Kelong; Cai, Yibing; Wei, Qufu

doi:10.1088/1361-6528/aa6320

Cited by 75 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As shown in Fig. 3B the Raman spectrum of the CDs exhibit a peak with high intensity at around 1380.5 cm −1 attributing to the D-band (sp 3 hybridization) [47][48][49] while the shoulder at 1596.6 cm −1 represents the G band (sp 2 hybridized) 50,51 but the broadening is because of the incorporation of oxygen-containing functional groups, B and N elements in the CD matrix 52 . And there is a shoulder located at 1865.1 cm −1 , which represents D' peak that is associated with the presence of N dopants in the lattice 53 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual functional highly luminescence B, N Co-doped carbon nanodots as nanothermometer and Fe3+/Fe2+ sensor

Mohammed

Omer

2020

Sci Rep

118

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Dual functional fluorescence nanosensors have many potential applications in biology and medicine. Monitoring temperature with higher precision at localized small length scales or in a nanocavity is a necessity in various applications. As well as the detection of biologically interesting metal ions using low-cost and sensitive approach is of great importance in bioanalysis. In this paper, we describe the preparation of dual-function highly fluorescent B, N-co-doped carbon nanodots (CDs) that work as chemical and thermal sensors. The CDs emit blue fluorescence peaked at 450 nm and exhibit up to 70% photoluminescence quantum yield with showing excitation-independent fluorescence. We also show that water-soluble CDs display temperature-dependent fluorescence and can serve as highly sensitive and reliable nanothermometers with a thermo-sensitivity 1.8% °C −1 , and wide range thermo-sensing between 0-90 °C with excellent recovery. Moreover, the fluorescence emission of CDs are selectively quenched after the addition of fe 2+ and fe 3+ ions while show no quenching with adding other common metal cations and anions. The fluorescence emission shows a good linear correlation with concentration of fe 2+ and fe 3+ (R 2 = 0.9908 for Fe 2+ and R 2 = 0.9892 for Fe 3+) with a detection limit of of 80.0 ± 0.5 nM for fe 2+ and 110.0 ± 0.5 nM for Fe 3+. Considering the high quantum yield and selectivity, CDs are exploited to design a nanoprobe towards iron detection in a biological sample. The fluorimetric assay is used to detect fe 2+ in iron capsules and total iron in serum samples successfully. Improvements in creating innovative sensors for detecting multiple parameters have grown much attention because they are more proficient than the sensors for a single objective 1. Currently, various fluorescent sensors for the simultaneous detection of two or more analytes or other parameters such as pH, temperature, and UV-light have been reported 2-6. Temperature is an essential thermodynamic variable that affects biochemical and physiological processes intensely 7. High-precision determination of temperature is of infinite importance owing to the widespread applications in human life, research studies, and industrial fields. An optical temperature sensor has the benefits of contactless detection, a high-temperature resistance, a diverse temperature range, not interfering with the original temperature, and prompt response 8. Some classes of luminescent nanomaterials such as, quantum dots, carbon dots, polymer dots, and nanodiamonds displayed temperature-dependent luminescence 9-11. Carbon dots take the lead as temperature detectors establishing great potential as a probe for the detection of temperature in complicated environments such as biological media due to their unique properties and small size comparing to the other nanomaterials 6,12-14. Iron homeostasis disorders are one of the utmost regular diseases of humans and cover an expansive range of diseases with various signs and symptoms, starting from anemia to excesses of iron, li...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual functional highly luminescence B, N Co-doped carbon nanodots as nanothermometer and Fe3+/Fe2+ sensor

Mohammed

Omer

2020

Sci Rep

118

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“…Moreover, Zhang et al [73] and Campos et al [74] have made N-CQDs with blue emission using precursors such as dried monkey grass and lactose, respectively, via a hydrothermal process. In a similar way, Lv et al have also developed N-doped CQDs via the hydrothermal method (5 h at 220 • C) by using ethylenediamine (as N dopant) and citric acid (as C source) as precursors [75]. In another study, Wu et al have prepared N-rich metal-free CQDs or metal-doped CQDs with bright luminescence by hydrothermal method (20 h at 250 • C) and carbonization (as shown in Figure 2) using tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) or its transition metal Pd(II) or Pt(II) complex (as a C precursor) and ethylenediamine (as N precursor) [76].…”

Section: N-doped Cqdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another investigation by Lv et al, applied N-doped CQDs in the detection of Fe 3+ ions among other metal ions including Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Co 2+ , Ca 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , Li + , Pb 2+ , Fe 2+ , Al 3+ , Cr 3+ , Ag + , Mn 2+ , Sn 2+ , and Zn 2+ [75]. Herein, the spectroscopic data have revealed that these CQDs have exhibited (i) a sensitive response to Fe 3+ ions in the range of 0.5-1000 µM with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.079 µM and (ii) good response as a fluorescence sensor in real environmental samples.…”

Section: Sensing Of Metal Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in Doped/Co-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Multi-Potential Applications

Kandasamy

2019

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Carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/carbon nanodots are a new class of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials having an approximate size in the range of 2–10 nm. The majority of the reported review articles have discussed about the development of the CQDs (via simple and cost-effective synthesis methods) for use in bio-imaging and chemical-/biological-sensing applications. However, there is a severe lack of consolidated studies on the recently developed CQDs (especially doped/co-doped) that are utilized in different areas of application. Hence, in this review, we have extensively discussed about the recent development in doped and co-doped CQDs (using elements/heteroatoms—e.g., boron (B), fluorine (F), nitrogen (N), sulphur (S), and phosphorous (P)), along with their synthesis method, reaction conditions, and/or quantum yield (QY), and their emerging multi-potential applications including electrical/electronics (such as light emitting diode (LED) and solar cells), fluorescent ink for anti-counterfeiting, optical sensors (for detection of metal ions, drugs, and pesticides/fungicides), gene delivery, and temperature probing.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modification of the surface properties could be achieved by doping the CQDs, often with nitrogen. 24,25 For example, it has been demonstrated that N-doping of CQDs increases quantum yield and electron transfer. 26 These N-doped CQDs (henceforth referred to as N-CQDs in this paper) possess unique properties like electrocatalytic activity, controllable luminescence and are also biologically benign.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrochemical UV Sensor Using Carbon Quantum Dot/Graphene Semiconductor

Wang

Myers

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Our group has developed an electrochemical UV sensor utilizing carbon quantum dots as the photoactive material functionalizing a graphene semiconductor layer. When used as a photoactive electrode in contact with a solid polymer electrolyte in a photoelectrochemical cell, illumination under UV radiation at 365 nm induces a photocurrent with a corresponding change in device voltage. The time-dependent change in voltage is a function of UV radiation intensity. Varying the UV LED power density from 26.6 mW/cm 2 (approximately 100% intensity) to 5.1 mW/cm 2 (approximately 20% intensity) results in time-dependent potential changes (dU/dt) ranging from approximately 4.0 mV/s to 0.5 mV/s. The dU/dt vs. LED power density trend is nearly linear (r 2 = 0.97). Similarly, when a constant bias potential is applied to the cell, a sustained photocurrent is observed under UV illumination, with the magnitude of the photocurrent a linear function of the LED power density. In that case, the coefficient of determination r 2 = 0.98. These results indicate that a graphene semiconductor, when functionalized with a photoactive material like carbon quantum dots, has application as a UV sensor with the ability to quantify the intensity of UV radiation. Nano-scale carbon-based materials, such as carbon quantum dots (CQDs), have received significant attention recently due to their unique optical and electronic properties.1 Depending on the particular synthesis procedure and the carbon source, carbon quantum dots can be environmentally and biologically benign.2 It is interesting to note that practically any carbon-containing material can be used as the source for carbon quantum dots. Literature reports on a host of starting materials exist. For example, Meiling and co-workers have used starch and tris-acetate-EDTA buffer as carbon sources.3 Du and co-workers prepared carbon quantum dots from orange pericarp in a hydrothermal treatment method. 4 Zhou, et al., used watermelon peel as a carbon source.5 Often, carbon quantum dots are simply obtained from more typical laboratory chemicals like citric acid. [6][7][8] There are also many possible CQD synthesis techniques, including hydrothermal methods, 9,10 electrochemical methods 11 and microwave-assisted methods.12,13 The combination of widely-variable carbon sources and facile synthesis procedures has ensured that CQD research continues to grow. It is likely that organic CQDs will make up a large share of the growing nanomaterial market. In fact, CQDs have been suggested as markers for biosensing and bioimaging, It is generally accepted that size and surface properties determine CQD optical and electronic behavior. Modification of the surface properties could be achieved by doping the CQDs, often with nitrogen. 24,25 For example, it has been demonstrated that N-doping of CQDs increases quantum yield and electron transfer.26 These N-doped CQDs (henceforth referred to as N-CQDs in this paper) possess unique properties like electrocatalytic activity, controllable luminescence and are also biologic...

show abstract

Synthesis of novel nitrogen-doped carbon dots for highly selective detection of iron ion

Cited by 75 publications

References 43 publications

Dual functional highly luminescence B, N Co-doped carbon nanodots as nanothermometer and Fe3+/Fe2+ sensor

Dual functional highly luminescence B, N Co-doped carbon nanodots as nanothermometer and Fe3+/Fe2+ sensor

Recent Advancements in Doped/Co-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Multi-Potential Applications

Electrochemical UV Sensor Using Carbon Quantum Dot/Graphene Semiconductor

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