Synthesis of novel Ziegler Natta catalyst in the presence of internal promoter and electron donors for ethylene and ethylene/ 1-hexene polymerization

Bazgir, Hossein; Abbas-Abadi, Mehrdad Seifali; Nekoomanesh‐Haghighi, Mehdi; Darounkola, Mohammad Reza Rostami; Issaabadi, Zahra; Rashedi, Reza

doi:10.1007/s10965-021-02666-z

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Using HCs in modifying ZNCs has a long history to tell. − Numerous patents and research articles have dealt with their usage in the field . For instance, Seifali used cyclohexyl chloride (CHC) as a promoter in the synthesis of an Mg(OEt) 2 -based ZNC to increase the activity of the catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Seifali used cyclohexyl chloride (CHC) as a promoter in the synthesis of an Mg(OEt) 2 -based ZNC to increase the activity of the catalyst. He found that using CHC can improve the productivity of the catalyst and allow us to tune the molecular weight (MW) and molecular-weight distribution (MWD) of the polymers made by increasing the hydrogen response of ZNCs. − In another study, Bahri-Laleh et al used a wide range of HCs to find their effect on the properties of the final polyethylene. They were surprised by HCs’ considerable impact: decreasing the MW of the produced polymers and increasing the MWD, bulk density, crystallinity, and even particle size of the produced polymeric powders. ,, Many similar results can be found easily by searching among the recently published papers and patents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chlorination of Mg(OEt)₂ with Halocarbons: A Promising Approach for Eliminating Chlorine-Containing Activators from Ziegler–Nattas’ Recipes

Jandaghian

Maddah

Sepahi³

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Due to the many risks of using chlorinated alkylaluminum cocatalysts (CACs), reducing or omitting their amount in methods used for synthesizing Ziegler–Natta catalysts (ZNCs) has always been a dream of polymer chemists. CACs play a crucial role in the chlorination of Mg(OR)2 supports, which are the most industrially favorable precursors in ZNCs’ recipes. In this article, using a systematic investigation, an initiative approach has been suggested to chlorinate the supports using halocarbons and chlorine-free alkylaluminum cocatalysts (CFACs). It was evidenced that the successive addition of a CFAC and a halocarbon to a suspension of Mg(OR)2 is a reliable method for chlorine atom exchange between the halocarbon and Mg(OR)2. Doing so, a highly active ZNC was produced and characterized mainly by inductively coupled plasma, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. In the next step, the catalyst’s performance in monomodal and bimodal copolymerization reactions of ethylene and 1-butene was investigated, and the produced copolymers were fully characterized. The characterizations were carried out using numerous techniques such as rheometric mechanical spectroscopy (RMS), self-nucleation and annealing, differential scanning calorimetry, mechanical tests, and so forth, and their results were compared with a famous ZNC whose support was chlorinated with a CAC. Finally, a possible mechanistic pathway for the reaction between Mg(OR)2 and halocarbons using CFACs as a chlorine transporter was described. All in all, it was revealed that the new approach could be relied upon as a promising way to chlorinate Mg(OR)2 supports without using dangerous and corrosive CACs. The produced copolymers using the new formulation had the same physical and mechanical properties as those made by industrial counterparts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorination of Mg(OEt)₂ with Halocarbons: A Promising Approach for Eliminating Chlorine-Containing Activators from Ziegler–Nattas’ Recipes

Jandaghian

Maddah

Sepahi³

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Until the 2000s, activation with chlorinated organic compounds was performed mainly for “vanadium” catalysts [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Recently, an appreciably large number of studies focusing on modification of titanium–magnesium catalysts with chlorinated organic compounds (COCs) have been reported [ 4 , 5 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. The impact of a wide range of different compounds has been evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of the presence of monochlorinated organic compounds with the number of carbon atoms ranging from 2 to 6 (chloroethylene [ 19 ], chlorobutyl [ 16 , 17 ], chlorocyclopentane [ 4 ], and chlorocyclohexane [ 4 , 5 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 21 ]) on PE polymerization was studied. Among monochlorinated organic compounds, chlorocyclohexane (CHC) exhibits the strongest promoting activity [ 4 , 5 , 16 , 18 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mono- and Multichlorinated Organic Compounds—Chlorocyclohexane and Hexachloro-p-xylene—On the Catalytic Properties of Titanium–Magnesium Catalysts in the Homo- and Copolymerization of Ethylene with 1-Hexene

Салахов

Mikenas

Захаров

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization over the titanium–magnesium catalytic system in the presence of chlorocyclohexane (CHC) and hexachloro-p-xylene (HCPX) has been studied. Modification of TMC with chlorocyclohexane and hexachloro-p-xylene increased catalyst activity severalfold for both ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization. The key kinetic regularities of ethylene homopolymerization and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization in the presence of CHC and HCPX were determined, and the copolymerization constants were measured. Molecular characteristics and the copolymer composition were determined for the synthesized samples of ethylene homopolymers and ethylene/hexene copolymers. Modification of the titanium–magnesium catalyst with chlorinated organic compounds reduced 1-hexene content in the copolymer; polymerization was sensitive to 1-hexene as a regulator of polymer molecular weight. The potential mode of action of chlorinated organic modifiers on catalytic properties of titanium–magnesium catalyst is discussed.

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“…Hydrogen responsibility, 2. Butylene responsibility [13,14]. The effect of the mentioned factors prevents the loss of consumption of valuable materials of hydrogen and butylene, reduces the byproduct of wax and the costs of the production process [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene (PE100) Using Novel Catalyst

Nikoohemmat

Mazaheri

Marjani

et al. 2022

IJE

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Novel catalyst called super active catalyst for the production of high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes grade 100 was prepared and localized for the first time in Iran. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of the new catalyst and compare it with Finix-112 catalyst which is a commercial catalyst for the production of HEPE grade 100. Extensive experiments were performed on the physical and mechanical properties of the product using both catalysts including melt flow index, particle size distribution, volatility, density, bulk density, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive x-ray analysis, charpy impact strength. Comparison of the results showed that the hydrogen responsibility performance of the product with super active catalyst is 19%, charpy impact is 16.7% and pressure condition in first reactor about 28% was better than product with Finix-112 catalyst. Home-made super active catalyst can be a good alternative to imported finix-112 catalyst and save a considerable amount of foreign currency.

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Synthesis of novel Ziegler Natta catalyst in the presence of internal promoter and electron donors for ethylene and ethylene/ 1-hexene polymerization

Cited by 12 publications

References 55 publications

Chlorination of Mg(OEt)₂ with Halocarbons: A Promising Approach for Eliminating Chlorine-Containing Activators from Ziegler–Nattas’ Recipes

Chlorination of Mg(OEt)₂ with Halocarbons: A Promising Approach for Eliminating Chlorine-Containing Activators from Ziegler–Nattas’ Recipes

Effect of Mono- and Multichlorinated Organic Compounds—Chlorocyclohexane and Hexachloro-p-xylene—On the Catalytic Properties of Titanium–Magnesium Catalysts in the Homo- and Copolymerization of Ethylene with 1-Hexene

Investigation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene (PE100) Using Novel Catalyst

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Synthesis of novel Ziegler Natta catalyst in the presence of internal promoter and electron donors for ethylene and ethylene/ 1-hexene polymerization

Cited by 12 publications

References 55 publications

Chlorination of Mg(OEt)2 with Halocarbons: A Promising Approach for Eliminating Chlorine-Containing Activators from Ziegler–Nattas’ Recipes

Chlorination of Mg(OEt)2 with Halocarbons: A Promising Approach for Eliminating Chlorine-Containing Activators from Ziegler–Nattas’ Recipes

Effect of Mono- and Multichlorinated Organic Compounds—Chlorocyclohexane and Hexachloro-p-xylene—On the Catalytic Properties of Titanium–Magnesium Catalysts in the Homo- and Copolymerization of Ethylene with 1-Hexene

Investigation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene (PE100) Using Novel Catalyst

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Chlorination of Mg(OEt)₂ with Halocarbons: A Promising Approach for Eliminating Chlorine-Containing Activators from Ziegler–Nattas’ Recipes

Chlorination of Mg(OEt)₂ with Halocarbons: A Promising Approach for Eliminating Chlorine-Containing Activators from Ziegler–Nattas’ Recipes