Synthesis of palm oil-based trimethylolpropane ester as potential biolubricant: Chemical kinetics modeling

Hamid, Hamidah Abd; Yunus, Robiah; Rashid, Umer; Choong, Thomas S.Y.; Al-Muhtaseb, Ala’a H.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.087

Cited by 73 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Zulkifli et al [25] testing the lubrication of biolubricant trimethylolpropane (TMP) and pentaerythritol ester (PE) obtained from POME (palm oil methyl ester) and of the friction value is obtained then this biopelumas fit for use in vehicle engines. Similarly, the results of research by using glycerol [26] and using trimethylolpropane ester [27]. However, to applied bio-lubricant commercially need to increase oxidative stability, thermal and hydrolytic.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bio-lubricant Production from Vegetable Oils Using Esterification Transesterification Process

Annisa

Widayat

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Since long time ago, petroleum oil has been used as a lubricant in motor vehicles. But, the uses of lubricants petroleum can pollute the environment and disrupt marine ecosystems and terrestrial. On the other hand, the use of lubricants in the world in 2008 reached 46 million kiloliters/year and increased by 2% every year. The future prospect the uses of lubricant petroleum on the vehicle's engine is predicted to have a bad prospect. Thus began research to identify suitable materials to replace petroleum based lubricants. It can produce from vegetable oils and animals oils by chemical modification. But, bio-lubricant properties are easily damaged so we need more research to improve the shelf life of the bio-lubricant. The research must be done to improve the characteristics by adding a bio-lubricant additive.

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Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bio-lubricant Production from Vegetable Oils Using Esterification Transesterification Process

Annisa

Widayat

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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“…This can be reduced by transesterification process of trimethylolpropane and methyl ester of bio-based oils which will improve oxidation and pour point of bio based lubricants [22]. The TMP ester and Nano-particle improves coefficient of friction [23].The mid and end chain alkyl group can improve low temperature properties due to steric barrier around individual molecules and restrain crystallisation [24,25]. The palm kernel oil trimethylolpropane (TMP) esters synthesis was performed, temperature and vacuum pressure found to be affecting reaction, approximately 98% w/w conversion to palm kernel TMP triesters yield was obtained [26].…”

Section: Fig1 Fatty Acid Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cottonseed Trimethylolpropane TMP Ester as Lubricant and Performance Characteristics for Diesel Engine

Siraskar,

Wakchaure,

Jahagirdar

et al. 2020

IJEAT

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Many researchers have been working on bio-based lubricant which is complete or partial replacement for mineralbased lubricant. Mineral-based lubricant is highly pollutant and possesses environmental threat as it is not biodegradable, in the initial days of the industrial revolution bio-based lubricants were widely used, later it was replaced by more sustainable and easily available but environmental polluting mineral oils, currently due to environmental concerns and scarcity of mineral oils, bio-based lubricant has gained importance. Bio-based lubricants are now a day's used for various applications such as transformer oil and processes where there is complete loss of lubricants. They possess very good properties in such applications, whereas bio-based lubricants are also used internal combustion engines, pure biobased lubricant may not be suitable for long-duration, but genetically and chemically modified bio-based lubricants will be suitable for IC engine. Though bio-based lubricant possesses many good properties as a lubricant for IC engine and various other application, it is still at large to become commercial, more study is required for checking performance of such pure and modified bio-based lubricants oils, in this paper such study of cotton seed Trimethylolpropane (TMP) ester oil and its effects on performance of brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTh) and emission of gases like hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) nitrogen oxides (NO x ) are studied, bio-based have poor cold flow properties and oxidation stability to improve these additives are added. The experimental study shows that Cottonseed Trimethylolpropane Ester (CSTE) displays similar characteristics of thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and emission of gases as compared to mineralbased lubricating oil hence can be used in the IC engine instead of mineral-based lubricants. Keywords : Cottonseed Trimethylolpropane ester (CSTE), Brake thermal efficiency, BSFC, emissions hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NO x ).

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“…In spite of the use of a polyol other than glycerol, that is "non-natural", this kind of lubricants contains up to 90% of carbon derived from biomass, thus deserving the European EcoLabel or the one of USDA Biopreferred product. On the other hand, these tri-esters, although transesterification of fatty acid methylesters with the polyol in the presence of sodium methoxide or alkalyne hydroxides can be used [8][9]] and a kinetic model for this reaction has been proposed [10], are usually prepared by fatty acids esterification catalysed by homogeneous systems, namely H 2 SO 4 , HCl, perchloric or p-toluensulphonic acid [11,12] thus entailing corrosion problems and production of significant amounts of inorganic salts and waste water due to the need of neutralization and washing steps. Heterogeneous SnO is a valuable alternative, showing high activity at T >160°C, but it forms small amounts of soaps that have to be split for a deep metal trace removal, thus requiring another acidic treatment and several washing steps.…”

Section: Scheme 1 -Degradation Of Triglycerides Via β-Elimination Reamentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally friendly lubricants through a zero waste process

Zaccheria

Mariani

Psaro

et al. 2016

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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Synthesis of palm oil-based trimethylolpropane ester as potential biolubricant: Chemical kinetics modeling

Cited by 73 publications

References 11 publications

A Review of Bio-lubricant Production from Vegetable Oils Using Esterification Transesterification Process

A Review of Bio-lubricant Production from Vegetable Oils Using Esterification Transesterification Process

Cottonseed Trimethylolpropane TMP Ester as Lubricant and Performance Characteristics for Diesel Engine

Environmentally friendly lubricants through a zero waste process

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