“…The controlled bactericide release systems developed to date include plastic films, ,, wafers, , beads, and a diverse array of micro- and nanoparticles, ,, fibers, , coatings, ,, and gels, − all of which have been used for encapsulating and slowly releasing biocidal small molecules. Among these sustained release vehicles are materials prepared through polyelectrolyte self-assembly. ,− These biocide-eluting materials have been prepared through two general approaches: (1) preparation of polyelectrolyte complex multilayers (PEMs), where tens of alternating layers of anionic and cationic polyelectrolyte layers were deposited on surfaces ,− and (2) complex coacervation, where complexes between a polyelectrolyte and an oppositely charged polymer, , protein, , or multivalent ions , were formed by simply mixing the two associating solutes in aqueous solution. In recent years, PEMs have been shown to provide antibacterial and antifungal activity over multiweek and multimonth timescales. , To our knowledge, however, despite their much simpler preparation, such long-term antibacterial activity has not been demonstrated for complex coacervates.…”