Synthesis of phospholipidated β‐cyclodextrin and its application for flame‐retardant poly(lactic acid) with ammonium polyphosphate

Abstract

In this study, phospholipidated b-cyclodextrin (PCD) was obtained by the condensation between b-cyclodextrin and phenyl phosphonic acid dichloride, which was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, 1 H-NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermal stability and flame retardancy of the poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends [PLA-ammonium polyphosphate (APP)-PCD] were measured by TGA coupled to FTIR spectroscopy, vertical burning test (UL-94), limiting oxygen index (LOI), and cone calorimetry tests. The results show that the mass ratio and loading amount of APP and PCD affected the properties of PLA. When the loading of APP and PCD was 30 wt % and the mass ratio of APP to PCD was 5:1, the highest LOI value of 42.6% (that of neat PLA was 19.7%) and a UL-94 V0 rating were achieved, and the reduction of the total heat release was greater than 80%. Even when the total amount of APP and PCD was decreased to 20 wt % with the same mass ratio, the flameretardant PLA still can achieved a UL-94 V0 rating. The improved performance was explained by the formation of an intumescent, continuous, contact char layer. Moreover, the reaction between APP and PCD contributed to the improvement of the thermal stability of the char residue.

Synthesis of Phosphated K-Carrageenan and Its Application for Flame-Retardant Waterborne Epoxy

“…However, with the depletion of petroleum resources and the pollution caused by petroleum use, it is necessary to find new carbon sources to replace petroleum [16,17]. Many biologically based materials with polyhydroxy structure are good carbon sources, such as starch [18,19], cellulose [20], tea saponin [21], cyclodextrin [22], carrageenan [23], etc., however, their thermal stability is not good. If the biologically based material is simply added to the matrix as a carbon source, the thermal stability of the matrix is lowered, and the char-forming ability is affected.…”

Surface‐Coated Thermally Expandable Microspheres with a Composite of Polydisperse Graphene Oxide Sheets

“…At the same time, the flame retardant treatment increased the residual carbon content of the microcapsule ink products from 1.2 % to 13.3 %. Additional TG results of these samples directly confirm that the presence of MPOP significantly improves the flame retardancy and increases the carbon residue amount after burning . Accordingly, the amount of residual carbon after combustion is increased for the sample with MPOP flame retardant layer, as compared to the samples without MPOP.…”

“…Additional TG results of these samples directly confirm that the presence of MPOP significantly improves the flame retardancy andi ncreasest he carbon residue amount after burning. [56] Accordingly,t he amount of residual carbon after combustion is increased for the sample with MPOP flame retardant layer,a sc ompared to the samples without MPOP.I nt he test of 6s,t he printed matter treated withf lame retardant ceased burning,w hile the treated product completed the burning. So the printed matter within flame retardants can effectively prevent the burning trend.…”

Preparation of novel biomass humate flame retardants and their flame retardancy in epoxy resin

“…As we know that, the biomass-based flame retardant is a new type of environmentally friendly flame-retardant material that is processed from the by-products or waste materials. Most of these biomass-based flame-retardant structures, such as chitosan, [4,5] lignin, [6,7] cyclodextrin [8,9] contain a huge amount of oxygen-containing functional groups and Guangya Liu and Huili Shi contributed equally to this work.…”