Synthesis of Platinum nanoparticles by Gamma Radiolysis

Abstract

The synthesis of Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles by gamma irradiation is presented. The 0.1 M Pt solution of different concentration was prepared from K2PtCl4. The platinum aqueous solutions were irradiated by gamma radiation at a dose of 70, 90 and 120 kGy. The findings show the effect of irradiation on PtII solutions with different concentrations. The big black particles that are fairly agglomerated when the concentration was above 0.0050 M were observed. The UV-Vis spectrum of Pt of different concentrations shows a strong absorption peak at the wavelength 261 nm after irradiation, which indicates the presence of platinum nanoparticles. Furthermore, FTIR, XRD and HRTEM images also confirmed the presence of the nanoparticles produced by Radiolysis. The size of the Pt nanoparticles was found to be 7.39 nm.

Synthesis of Platinum Nanoparticles by Gamma Co-60 Ray Irradiation Method Using Chitosan as Stabilizer

“…e synthesized PtNPs have a rather small size and narrow size distribution in the range of 1.4-1.6 nm (Figure 3). e size of resultant PtNPs with the concentration of 1 mM in this study was smaller than the size of 4.4 and 7.4 nm for the PtNPs concentrations of 3.4 and 10 mM, respectively [17,18]. Furthermore, the size of the synthesized PtNPs (1.4-1.6 nm) was also smaller than that of the PtNPs (3.4 nm) that were synthesized by the chemical method using NaBH 4 as a reducing agent with the same initial concentration of 1 mM Pt 4+ and 1% CTS as a stabilizer [5].…”

“…However, Gharibshahi et al [17] recently have reported that the PtNPs (2.8-4.4 nm) synthesized by the gamma-ray irradiation of 3.4 mM Pt 4+ solution appeared two λ max in the UV-Vis spectrum, particularly the rst peak in the range of 209-214 nm and the second one in the range of 257-262 nm. Furthermore, Cele et al [18] reported that the PtNPs solutions prepared by the gamma-ray radiolytic method with the concentrations from 1 to 10 mM also had two λ max as in the study of Gharibshahi et al [17] except for the sample of 1 mM PtNPs without λ max in the UV region due to less Pt atoms interacting with the light. Figure 1 shows that the CTS solution has a weak peak at ∼300 nm.…”

“…So, it could be inferred that the absorbed dose of 14 kGy could be selected as the saturated conversion dose to completely reduce Pt 4+ with the concentration of 1 mM to Pt 0 . e mechanism of PtNPs formation from Pt 4+ ion solution by the gamma Co-60 ray irradiation was described in detail by Choi et al [6] and Cele et al [18]. Brie y, Pt 4+ ions were reduced to Pt 0 mainly by hydrated electrons (e − aq ), hydrogen radicals (H_), and hydroxyl radicals (_OH).…”

A Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Versatile PEGylated Platinum Nanoflowers and Their Application in Radiation Therapy

“…The same pattern of the UV-Vis spectrum of Pt NPs with no maximum absorbance was reported by Zhang et al [39] using the citrate reduction method, and Remita et al [21], Choi et al [40] and Nguyen et al [27] using radiolysis. However, a surface plasmon resonance peak of Pt NPs in wavelength of 215 nm was observed by Cele et al [41] and Gharibshahi et al [42] through the γ-ray irradiation method. The changes in resonance peak depend on the particle shape, size and the method that is used for the synthesis of NPs [43].…”

<p>Green One-Step Synthesis of Medical Nanoagents for Advanced Radiation Therapy</p>

“…35 Different types of NPs have been synthesized following this methodology (Table 1). [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] However, in most of the cases, potentially toxic chemicals are used to control NPs formation and the final products are not adapted to straightforward medical use. Therefore, the development of efficient protocols able to produce non-toxic metallic nanoagents remains a challenge.…”