Synthesis of Poly(propylene)/Graphite Nanocomposites by in Situ Polymerization

Abstract

Summary: This work presents the synthesis of polypropylene/graphite nanocomposites by in situ polymerization using the catalytic system C 20 H 16 Cl 2 Zr (rac-ethylenebis (indenyl)zirconium(IV)) dichloride/Methyoluminoxane (MAO). 60 nm graphite nanosheets (GNS) were obtained by means of the chemical exfoliation, thermal and ultrasound treatment. GNS previously treated with MAO were added into the reactor at percentages of 0.3, 1.0 and 2.2% (w/w) in relation to nanocomposite yields. The morphology of graphite nanosheets and nanocomposites was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the structural properties of natural graphite flake (NGF), graphite nanosheets (GNS) and nanocomposites were observed through the X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).

Covalent functionalization of MWCNT with PHBV chains: Evaluation of the functionalization and production of nanocomposites

“…The crystal size (C) was calculated by Scherrer's equation ( Eq . 2) , where λ is the wavelength of Cu radiation, β is the width at half height in nanometers and θ is the Bragg angle in the plan related to the peak. The width at half weight was obtained by Equation , where ρ is the half‐height width of the peak.…”

Influence of photodegradation with UV radiation in biotreatment withPaecilomyces variottionPHBV/GNS nanocomposites

“…The methodology of obtaining the GNSs was already described by Montagna et al [15]. The process of preparing the GNSs was carried out in three steps: intercalation (chemical exfoliation), expansion (thermal treatment) and GNSs obtainment (physical treatment by exfoliation ultrasound).…”

“…It is abundant and has exceptional strength in the graphitic plane, low weight and high electrical conductivity. Thus, it has attracted great interest as reinforcement for polymers because of the ability to improve their mechanical, physical, chemical, magnetic and electrical properties [14][15][16].…”

Effect of Graphite Nanosheets on Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)

“…The methodology of obtaining the graphite nanosheets was already described by Montagna et al [21]. The process for preparing the graphite nanosheets is carried out in three steps: intercalation (chemical exfoliation), expansion (thermal treatment), and the graphite nanosheets obtainment (physical treatment by ultrasonic exfoliation).…”