Synthesis of polychloroprene–silica composites by sol‐gel method in the presence of modified polychloroprene containing triethoxysilyl group

Sunada, Kiyoshi; Takenaka, Katsuhiko; Shiomi, Tomoo

doi:10.1002/app.21912

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…12 Several reports are available in the literature on the in situ generation of silica in the different rubber matrices such as natural rubber (NR), [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] isoprene rubber (IR), [20][21][22] styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), [23][24][25][26] polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), 27,28 ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM), [29][30][31] butadiene rubber (BR), 11 acrylic rubber (ACM), 32 and chloroprene rubber (CR). 33 However, research on nitrile rubber (NBR) filled with in situ silica is very limited. Ikeda and coworkers studied in situ silica filled NBR composites where silica was generated by solgel method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of silane integrated sol–gel derived in situ silica on the properties of nitrile rubber

Kapgate

Das

Basu

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Nitrile rubber/silica composites are prepared by a sol-gel process using tetraethoxysilane as precursor in the presence of cmercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane as a silane coupling agent. Here, we follow a novel processing route where the silica particles are generated inside the rubber matrix before compounding with vulcanizing ingredients. The effect of in situ generated silanized silica on the properties of the rubber composite has been evaluated by studying curing characteristics, morphology, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties. Enhanced rubber-filler interaction of these composites is revealed from stress-strain studies and dynamic mechanical analysis. Excessive use of silane shows an adverse effect on mechanical properties of the composites. Due to finer dispersed state of the in situ silica and enhanced rubber-filler interaction, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composites are improved compared to corresponding ex situ processed composite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of silane integrated sol–gel derived in situ silica on the properties of nitrile rubber

Kapgate

Das

Basu

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…There are many reports on in situ silicafilled elastomer composites where mostly single rubber system such as natural rubber (NR) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) [8][9][10][11], butadiene rubber (BR) [12], chloroprene rubber (CR) [13,14] and nitrile rubber (NBR) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] is focused. Studies on the rubber blends, filled with in situ silica, are rather scanty in literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibilization of natural rubber/nitrile rubber blends by sol–gel nano-silica generated by in situ method

Bansod

Kapgate

Das

et al. 2016

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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Controlled growth of in situ silica, into natural rubber (NR)/nitrile rubber (NBR) blend (40/60 composition by weight) following solution sol-gel method, results in a coherent blend morphology with enhanced composite properties. Similar composites, i.e., in situ silica-filled NR/ NBR blend (40/60 by weight), showed better mechanical properties than any other composition that were prepared by soaking sol-gel method in earlier study. However, silica content in the rubber blend was limited to 20 phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber) and could not be increased under experimental condition following soaking sol-gel method. In the present work, silica content is increased (up to 30 phr) beyond that limit for the same blend composition. Accordingly, mechanical properties of the NR/NBR composites are improved. Use of a silane coupling agent, viz., bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)-tetra sulfide, in the reactive sol-gel system during in situ silica generation brings in remarkable effect in silica distribution, rubber-filler interaction and mechanical properties of the composites. TEM micrographs of the selected composites reveal that silica is mostly grown at the interfacial region, when silane is used in particular. This results in further enhancement in mechanical properties and compatibility of the blend at the same silica content as evident from stress-strain and dynamic mechanical analysis studies. The reinforcement of effect in situ silica is assessed by Guth-Gold equation and modified form of Guth equation (with shape factor f = 2.53). The results are supported by the detailed studies on rheological, morphological, mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the composites. Graphical AbstractKeywords Rubber blend Á Sol-gel method Á In situ silica Á Rubber-filler interaction Á Silane treatment Á Reinforcement

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“…30 Optimal vulcanization time, T90, was determined using Rotorless Rheometer (RLR-3, Toyoseiki Co., Ltd.). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were made with a Mettler Toledo DSC1 with an intracolor low-temperature apparatus.…”

Section: Preparation and Evaluation Of Cp Rubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mooney viscosity and scorch time were evaluated using Mooney viscometer (SMV202, Shimazu Corporation), and the compression set at 0 8C was evaluated according to JIS K6254. 30 Optimal vulcanization time, T90, was determined using Rotorless Rheometer (RLR-3, Toyoseiki Co., Ltd.). Heat build-up (DT) was measured at temperatures less than 50 8C in a heating chamber, according to JIS K6254/ ISO4666 31 using Goodrich Flexometer FT-1100 (Ueshima Seisakusyo Co., Ltd.).…”

Section: Preparation and Evaluation Of Cp Rubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAFT‐mediated emulsion polymerization of chloroprene and impact of chain‐end structure on chloroprene rubbers

Ishigaki

Mori

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of chloroprene (CP) in an emulsion system using a dithiocarbamate-type RAFT agent was studied. The controlled RAFT-mediated emulsion polymerization was achieved by the appropriate combination of a RAFT agent and nonionic surfactant (polyoxyethylene phenyl ether) using a water-soluble initiator (VA-044) at 35 8C. An almost linear first-order kinetic plot was observed until relatively high conversion (>80%) with molecular weights between 22,300 and 33,100 and relatively narrow molecular weight distributions (M w /M n Ϲ 1.5) were achieved. The amount of the emulsifier used and the pH of the system were found to affect the controlled character, polymerization rate, and induction period, which are related to the size of the emulsion particles. Large-scale RAFT-mediated emulsion polymerization was also employed to afford industrially applicable poly(CP) (M w > 25 3 10 4 , resulting product > 2300 g). The vulcanized CP rubber obtained from the RAFT-synthesized poly(CP) exhibited better physical properties, particularly tensile modulus and compression set, which may be due to the presence of the reactive end groups and the absence of low-molecular-weight products. We also evaluated the impact of the chain-end structure on the mechanical and physical properties of these industrially important CP rubbers with carbon black.

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Synthesis of polychloroprene–silica composites by sol‐gel method in the presence of modified polychloroprene containing triethoxysilyl group

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of silane integrated sol–gel derived in situ silica on the properties of nitrile rubber

Effect of silane integrated sol–gel derived in situ silica on the properties of nitrile rubber

Compatibilization of natural rubber/nitrile rubber blends by sol–gel nano-silica generated by in situ method

RAFT‐mediated emulsion polymerization of chloroprene and impact of chain‐end structure on chloroprene rubbers

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