Synthesis of polylactic acid by direct polycondensation under vacuum without catalysts, solvents and initiators

Achmad, Feerzet; Yamane, Kenji; Shi, Quan; Kokugan, Takao

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2009.04.014

Cited by 132 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Zei et al [10] used an aqueous solution of LA to prepare PLA in the presence of two catalysts (tin (II) chloride and succinic anhydride), and they reported a molecular weight in kDa region. Achmad et al [11] fabricated higher molecular weights of PLA polymers where LA was polymerized by direct PC under controlled temperatures and pressures without catalyst, solvent or initiators. The effects of the reaction temperature and pressure on the resulting molecular weights were examined.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Polylactic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and medical applications of polylactic acid: A review

Hamad¹,

Kaseem²,

Yang

et al. 2015

Express Polym. Lett.

602

306

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Abstract. Polylactic acid (PLA), one of the well-known biodegradable polyesters, has been studied extensively for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems, and it was also used widely in human medicine. A new method to synthesize PLA (ring-opening polymerization), which allowed the economical production of a high molecular weight PLA polymer, broadened its applications, and this processing would be a potential substitute for petroleum-based products. This review described the principles of the polymerization reactions of PLA and, then, outlined the various materials properties affecting the performance of PLA polymer, such as rheological, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties as well as the processing technologies which were used to fabricate products based on PLA. In addition, the biodegradation processes of products which were shaped from PLA were discussed and reviewed. The potential applications of PLA in the medical fields, such as tissue engineering, wound management, drugs delivery, and orthopedic devices, were also highlighted.

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Section: Synthesis Of Polylactic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and medical applications of polylactic acid: A review

Hamad¹,

Kaseem²,

Yang

et al. 2015

Express Polym. Lett.

602

306

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, Figure 6 shows three peaks at 16.92, 69.35 and 169.83 ppm which are assigned to the methyl (CH 3 ), methine (CH) and carbonyl (C=O) groups, respectively. The peaks that appear at 1.47, 1.65, 4.34, and 5.14 ppm (see Figure 5) and 20.71, 67.77, and 17 383 ppm (see Figure 6) were assigned to the Dlactic acid product present in the samples [55,56]. The number-average molecular weights (M n ) and polydispersities (M w /M n ) obtained from GPC are listed in Table 2.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Plamentioning

confidence: 99%

PLA-b-PEG/magnetite hyperthermic agent prepared by Ugi four component condensation

Icart¹,

Santos²,

Pereira³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…For decades, the conventional commercial method for synthesis of PLA has been ring-opening polymerization (ROP) based on metal (Sn, Al, Zn) catalysis of lactide, using suitable co-catalyst such as dodecanol and solvent [1,[12][13][14][15][16]. However, PLA production according to conventional methods can still lead to potential toxicity issues, linked to residual metal traces from the catalyst, which can limit the potential scope of applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and Validation of Synthesis of Poly Lactic Acid Using an Alternative Energy Source through a Continuous Reactive Extrusion Process

et al. 2016

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PLA is one of the most promising bio-compostable and bio-degradable thermoplastic polymers made from renewable sources. PLA is generally produced by ring opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide using the metallic/bimetallic catalyst (Sn, Zn, and Al) or other organic catalysts in a suitable solvent. In this work, reactive extrusion experiments using stannous octoate Sn(Oct) 2 and tri-phenyl phosphine (PPh) 3 were considered to perform ROP of lactide. Ultrasound energy source was used for activating and/or boosting the polymerization as an alternative energy (AE) source. Ludovic ® software, designed for simulation of the extrusion process, had to be modified in order to simulate the reactive extrusion of lactide and for the application of an AE source in an extruder. A mathematical model for the ROP of lactide reaction was developed to estimate the kinetics of the polymerization process. The isothermal curves generated through this model were then used by Ludovic software to simulate the "reactive" extrusion process of ROP of lactide. Results from the experiments and simulations were compared to validate the simulation methodology. It was observed that the application of an AE source boosts the polymerization of lactide monomers. However, it was also observed that the predicted residence time was shorter than the experimental one. There is potentially a case for reducing the residence time distribution (RTD) in Ludovic ® due to the 'liquid' monomer flow in the extruder. Although this change in parameters resulted in validation of the simulation, it was concluded that further research is needed to validate this assumption.

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Synthesis of polylactic acid by direct polycondensation under vacuum without catalysts, solvents and initiators

Cited by 132 publications

References 22 publications

Properties and medical applications of polylactic acid: A review

Properties and medical applications of polylactic acid: A review

PLA-b-PEG/magnetite hyperthermic agent prepared by Ugi four component condensation

Modelling and Validation of Synthesis of Poly Lactic Acid Using an Alternative Energy Source through a Continuous Reactive Extrusion Process

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