Synthesis of polymer nanocomposite ion-exchange membranes from sulfonated polystyrene and study of their properties

Ponomarev, A. N.; Abdrashitov, E. F.; Kritskaya, D. A.; Bokun, V. Ch.; Сангинов, Е. А.; Dobrovol’skii, Yu. A.

doi:10.1134/s1023193517060143

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In this case, polystyrene is formed as a separate phase in a dense polyethylene film, as if expanding the polyethylene chains without pore formation. Thus, through subsequent sulfonation, ion-exchange membranes with a wide range of ion-exchange capacities and fairly uniform distribution of -SO 3 − groups over the membrane thickness were prepared [ 115 , 118 , 119 ]. However, membranes with a high degree of grafting and sulfonation swell too much in water, losing their mechanical strength and selectivity.…”

Section: Pseudo-homogeneous and Grafted Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Styrene polymerization inside stretched films of polyethylene or other polymers can be considered as an alternative approach. Mechanical deformation resulted in formation of multiple small pores inside them, which are then filled with polystyrene [ 119 , 128 , 129 , 130 ]. This approach does not prevent the preservation of sufficiently large pores inside the polymer, but in some cases, it is possible to obtain membranes with high selectivity, which can be judged, for example, by their high efficiency in fuel cells.…”

Section: Pseudo-homogeneous and Grafted Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, if the membranes are prepared via the polymerization between hot squeezing rollers or plates, the reinforcing mesh controls the thickness of the final film and does not allow the reaction mixture to leak out under pressure [ 150 , 151 ]. In some cases, the monomer polymerization takes place directly in the reinforcing material matrix [ 119 , 128 , 152 ]. By limiting the swelling of the conductive ionic phase, suitable membrane selectivity can be maintained.…”

Section: Pseudo-homogeneous and Grafted Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selectivity of Transport Processes in Ion-Exchange Membranes: Relationship with the Structure and Methods for Its Improvement

Стенина

Голубенко

Nikonenko

et al. 2020

IJMS

127

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Nowadays, ion-exchange membranes have numerous applications in water desalination, electrolysis, chemistry, food, health, energy, environment and other fields. All of these applications require high selectivity of ion transfer, i.e., high membrane permselectivity. The transport properties of ion-exchange membranes are determined by their structure, composition and preparation method. For various applications, the selectivity of transfer processes can be characterized by different parameters, for example, by the transport number of counterions (permselectivity in electrodialysis) or by the ratio of ionic conductivity to the permeability of some gases (crossover in fuel cells). However, in most cases there is a correlation: the higher the flux density of the target component through the membrane, the lower the selectivity of the process. This correlation has two aspects: first, it follows from the membrane material properties, often expressed as the trade-off between membrane permeability and permselectivity; and, second, it is due to the concentration polarization phenomenon, which increases with an increase in the applied driving force. In this review, both aspects are considered. Recent research and progress in the membrane selectivity improvement, mainly including a number of approaches as crosslinking, nanoparticle doping, surface modification, and the use of special synthetic methods (e.g., synthesis of grafted membranes or membranes with a fairly rigid three-dimensional matrix) are summarized. These approaches are promising for the ion-exchange membranes synthesis for electrodialysis, alternative energy, and the valuable component extraction from natural or waste-water. Perspectives on future development in this research field are also discussed.

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Section: Pseudo-homogeneous and Grafted Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pseudo-homogeneous and Grafted Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pseudo-homogeneous and Grafted Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Selectivity of Transport Processes in Ion-Exchange Membranes: Relationship with the Structure and Methods for Its Improvement

Стенина

Голубенко

Nikonenko

et al. 2020

IJMS

127

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show abstract

“…of polymer without radiation initiation. [31,32] For instance, polymerization of styrene inside the PTFE film pores gives insurance in the composite durability underflow condition as cross-linked polystyrene phase became clamped in the pores after removing the stretching. Furthermore, control of sulfonation method conditions gave a hint to the broad variation of Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stretched PTFE film allows to incorporate into the pores up to 80 % wt. of polymer without radiation initiation [31,32] . For instance, polymerization of styrene inside the PTFE film pores gives insurance in the composite durability underflow condition as cross‐linked polystyrene phase became clamped in the pores after removing the stretching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Composite Membrane Based on Sulfonated Polystyrene Implanted in a Stretched PTFE Film for Vanadium Flow Batteries

et al. 2020

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The quality of ion-selective membranes determines the efficiency of Vanadium Flow Batteries (VFBs), and alternatives to expensive Nafion™ materials are actively being searched for. One of the membrane architecture approaches is to imitate the Nafion™ structure with two separate phases: a conductive sulfonated polymer and an inner matrix. We introduce a new composite material based on sulfonated styrene polymerized inside the pores of a stretched PTFE matrix. Variation of polystyrene content and a sulfonation degree allowed to obtain membranes with IEC from to 0.96 to 1.84 mmol/g. Balanced vanadium permeability (ca. 5.5 • 10 À 6 cm 2 /min) and proton conductivity (ca. 50 mS/cm) were achieved for the material with 21-23 % polystyrene content and a sulfonation degree up to 94 %. Membranes showed stable cycling with 81 % energy efficiency in a single-cell VFB. This work contributes to the existing knowledge of Nafion alternatives by providing a cheap and scalable method of membrane production.

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A new synthesis approach for proton exchange membranes based on ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene

Ponomarev

Kritskaya

Abdrashitov

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A new approach for gas‐phase modification of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) film for synthesis of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) has been successfully realized. First, the membrane precursors have been prepared by soaking the films in a monomers/AIBN solution followed by their modification with polystyrene (PS) in styrene vapor at 110°C. The developed method is characterized by high efficiency, simplicity, and ecological purity. The modified UHMWPE films containing up to 60 wt% of PS have been obtained. Then, PEMs were prepared by sulfonation of these precursors. According to energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy of the sulfonated samples, almost uniform distribution of PS through the film thickness was observed. The membranes with an ion exchange capacity up to 2.7 mmol/g and proton conductivity up to 60 mS/cm (water, 25°C) were obtained. Comparative tests of the obtained UHMWPE‐sulfonated PS and commercial Nafion‐115 membranes in a hydrogen–air fuel cell have been carried out. It has been shown that the cell with the synthesized membranes exhibits better performance than that with Nafion‐115.

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Synthesis of polymer nanocomposite ion-exchange membranes from sulfonated polystyrene and study of their properties

Cited by 15 publications

References 91 publications

Selectivity of Transport Processes in Ion-Exchange Membranes: Relationship with the Structure and Methods for Its Improvement

Selectivity of Transport Processes in Ion-Exchange Membranes: Relationship with the Structure and Methods for Its Improvement

A Composite Membrane Based on Sulfonated Polystyrene Implanted in a Stretched PTFE Film for Vanadium Flow Batteries

A new synthesis approach for proton exchange membranes based on ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight polyethylene

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