Synthesis of Polyphosphazene with Pendent Perfluorobutylsulfonylimide Group

Abstract

A new polyphosphazene with perfluorobutylsulfonylimide as a pendent group has been prepared. The structure of the polymer and its properties were characterized by 1 H NMR, 19 F NMR, IR spectra, gel permeation chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis.

A Simple and Sensitive SPRS Method for Trace H2O2 Based on the TiO2+ Complex and Gold Nanoparticles Aggregation Reactions

“…Under acidic condition, the Ti 4+ mainly exist as the chemical state of TiO 2+ which can react with H 2 O 2 to form [TiO(H 2 O 2 )] 2+ complex in yellow color [21]. The experimental results indicate that the gold nanoparticles would not aggregate in …”

“…When the complex was in a concentration range where enhanced scattering was observed, the complex might aggregated with gold nanoparticles to form a bigger particle clusters in a loose binding manner [23], which then increased the scattering intensity. [21]. The results were listed in Table 3.…”

“…Using same system, 1.0-18 μg/m H 2 O 2 can be determined spectrophotometrically. The sensitivity of the SPRS method was increased 400 times, comparing with the H 2 O 2 -Ti(SO 4 ) 2 spectrophotometric method [21]. In addition, 30-and 40-nm gold nanoparticles were considered for the detection of H 2 O 2 .…”

Liquid‐Liquid Emulsion Produced by 3D‐Printed Vortex‐Based Hydrodynamic Cavitation Device

“…Emulsions are primarily classified into three different categories based on droplet size, i.e., macroemulsions (droplet size: 1–100 µm), nanoemulsions (droplet size: 20–500 nm), and microemulsions (droplet size: 10–100 nm) 1. Many efforts are being made to tailor the DSD according to product requirements by using different emulsion preparation techniques and equipment, e.g., hydrodynamic cavitation 2–8, ultrasonication 9, 10, impeller‐agitated vessels 11–13, membranes and microchannels 14, rotor‐stators 1, 15, 16, high‐pressure homogenizers 6, 7, and colloid mills 17, 18. The major drawbacks are the higher energy requirements of impeller‐agitated vessels and rotor‐stators and difficulties in scale‐up for ultrasonication, membranes, and microchannels.…”

“…A few articles are available on generating emulsions using linear flow HC devices 2, 3, 5–8, 20. However, the need for high inlet pressures (ca.…”