Synthesis of polypropylene with varied microstructure and molecular weights characteristics using supported titanium catalyst system

Vyas, Priyanshu B.; Kaur, Sukhdeep; Patil, Harshad R.; Gupta, Virendra K.

doi:10.1007/s10965-010-9411-7

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…An understanding of this behavior would help in designing and developing catalysts with desirable properties. Studies by Ronkko and co-workers [ 74 ] reveal that polymerization and fragmentation behavior of catalysts is dependent on the type of catalyst and nature of the catalyst support [ 75 , 76 ]. The catalyst should have (i) high porosity to allow good reactant diffusion; (ii) high mechanical strength to withstand thermal or chemical shocks while simultaneously possessing the ability to break up during polymerization; (iii) the ability to undergo fragmentation to yield desirable polymer content without having large contaminated fragments in the final product; and (iv) a decent distribution of active sites to ensure an even allotment of the final polymer product [ 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 ].…”

Section: Role and Type Of Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability

et al. 2014

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50 years ago, Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta were awarded the Nobel Prize for their discovery of the catalytic polymerization of ethylene and propylene using titanium compounds and aluminum-alkyls as co-catalysts. Polyolefins have grown to become one of the biggest of all produced polymers. New metallocene/methylaluminoxane (MAO) catalysts open the possibility to synthesize polymers with highly defined microstructure, tacticity, and steroregularity, as well as long-chain branched, or blocky copolymers with excellent properties. This improvement in polymerization is possible due to the single active sites available on the metallocene catalysts in contrast to their traditional counterparts. Moreover, these catalysts, half titanocenes/MAO, zirconocenes, and other single site catalysts can control various important parameters, such as co-monomer distribution, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, molecular architecture, stereo-specificity, degree of linearity, and branching of the polymer. However, in most cases research in this area has reduced academia as olefin polymerization has seen significant advancements in the industries. Therefore, this paper aims to further motivate interest in polyolefin research in academia by highlighting promising and open areas for the future.

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Section: Role and Type Of Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability

et al. 2014

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“…Current trend suggests that polypropylene global capacity is expected to increase by 4%-5% over next few years. [1][2][3][4][5] Homo polypropylene has been widely used in industries for varied application such as packaging, automobiles, life appliance products, medical applications etc. Propylene copolymerization with ethylene and higher α-olefins have generated great interest in the field of modifying PP properties and synthesis of new grades of PP-based materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymerization of propylene with higher α‐olefin using supported titanium catalyst system

Patil

Chauhan

Mishra

et al. 2022

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Copolymers of propylene/1‐octene and propylene/1‐hexene were synthesized in slurry phase polymerization using MgCl2/TiCl4/Diester based catalyst system. The Al/Do (co‐catalyst/external donor), Al/Ti (co‐catalyst/catalyst) mole ratio variations were investigated for effect on polymerization and copolymer properties. Incorporation of comonomer (1‐hexene and 1‐octene) has influenced the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of resultant copolymers as well as isotacticity. The differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) results showed lower melting point for propylene/1‐hexene than propylene/1‐octene copolymer. The gel permeation chromatography (GPC) study indicated broad MWD of both type of copolymers compared to homo PP. The 13C NMR has also been performed to quantitatively evaluate incorporation of comonomer in polymer backbone. Propylene copolymerizaiton with hexene resulted in the copolymer which have relatively higher amount of 1‐hexene compared to 1‐octene incorporation in copolymer of propylene/1‐octene with similar catalyst system explain the reason for lower peak melting points.

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“…For both Ziegler–Natta and metallocene catalysts, supporting materials are essential to achieve the desired morphological characteristics and also avoid reactor fouling. The most effective supports currently in use for heterogeneous olefin polymerizations are inorganic materials, such as MgCl 2 and SiO 2 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic nanoparticles as fragmentable support for Ziegler–Natta catalysts

Nietzel

Joe

Krumpfer

et al. 2014

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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A fragmentable support material for Ziegler–Natta catalysts is presented based on micrometer‐sized aggregates of polystyrene nanoparticles. Hydroxyl anchoring groups are introduced by copolymerization of hydroxymethylstyrene in emulsion process to immobilize the catalysts. The catalytic activity in ethylene slurry polymerizations is found to be directly correlated to the hydroxyl group content of the supports. Furthermore, the fragmentation behavior of dye‐labeled support aggregates into the initial nanoparticles is demonstrated using laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy as a nondestructive method. These supported catalysts fulfill two important design criteria, high fragmentability and high catalyst loading, and produce high‐density polyethylene with medium molecular weight distributions (MWDs = 3–4). These values lie between those obtained using single‐site metallocene‐based (narrow MWD < 3) or inorganic supported multi‐site Ziegler–Natta‐based (broad MWD = 4–12) polymerizations without the need of blending. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 15–22

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Synthesis of polypropylene with varied microstructure and molecular weights characteristics using supported titanium catalyst system

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability

The Influence of Ziegler-Natta and Metallocene Catalysts on Polyolefin Structure, Properties, and Processing Ability

Copolymerization of propylene with higher α‐olefin using supported titanium catalyst system

Organic nanoparticles as fragmentable support for Ziegler–Natta catalysts

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