Synthesis of random or tapered solution styrene–butadiene copolymers in the presence of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate as a polar modifier

Abstract

Random or tapered solution styrene-butadiene copolymer (SSBR) is very difficult to prepare in an isothermal batch process without the use of polar modifiers because of the diverse reactivity ratios of the styrene and the butadiene in hydrocarbon solvents. In the presence of polar modifiers, the random SSBR can be synthesized by anionic living polymerization with the variety of microstructures, which results in the change of glass transition temperature (T g ). This article will discuss the use of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate as a polar modifier in isothermal batch process that controls the microstructure of the SSBR resulting in a random as well as tapered SSBR with low T g (À67 C to À80 C). The T g of SSBR was controlled by the styrene content rather than the microstructure of polybutadiene. Physical properties of SSBR compounding were discussed for tire tread applications.

Preparation of high 1,2‐orientation butadiene‐styrene copolymer by coordination copolymerization with molybdenum‐based catalytic system

“…The short‐chain branching can better improve the processing technology and filler distribution and enhance the tire traction. Furthermore, lower heat accumulation and rolling resistance can simultaneously be achieved . Therefore, HVSBR has gathered much more attention as high‐quality materials of high‐performance tire tread.…”

Preparation of Multifunctional Anionic Initiators Through Reactions Between n‐Butyl Lithium and Divinylbenzene

“…Possible alternatives to compensate for the low solubility of the initiators include the definition of a particular order for the addition of the reaction components, performing the reaction within a narrow range of temperatures and, especially, adding appropriate amounts of polar additives.These polar additives usually are ethers, such as 2,2‐ditetrahydrofurylpropane (DTHFP), and amines, which can generate highly reactive ionic species through deprotonation of weak acids or complexation of the lithium cations . However, the use of additives may also lead to undesirable side effects, such as the increase of the vinyl contents of the polymer material . The production of more stable, less nucleophilic (the nucleophilic character can generate more stable species than carbocations during polymerizations), and more reactive initiators, when compared to monofunctional species, constitutes the major challenges for the synthesis of multifunctional initiators.…”

“…[7] However, the use of additives may also lead to undesirable side effects, such as the increase of the vinyl contents of the polymer material. [8] The production of more stable, less nucleophilic (the nucleophilic character can generate more stable species than carbocations during polymerizations), and more reactive initiators, when compared to monofunctional species, constitutes the major challenges for the synthesis of multifunctional initiators.…”

RAFT solution copolymerization of styrene and 1,3-butadiene and its application as a tool for block copolymer preparation

“…Further on, the composition or the microstructure of the copolymers was identified by 1 H NMR in accordance with the previously published procedure. 44 The only deviation from above mentioned technique 44 was the choice of the deuterated solvent: instead of CS 2 : 1,1,2,2tetrachloroethane-d 2 (2 : 1 v : v ratio) mixture the 1 H NMR analysis in this work was performed in deuterated chloroform (Fig. S2, ESI †).…”

“…a By GPC in CHCl 3 at 40 1C (calibration with PS standards). b Microstructure determined by1 NMR using procedure published in 44. c cis and trans content were not separated.…”