“…In nature, carbonates are found in many minerals and play a crucial role in the carbon exchange of our planet [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Carbonate compounds are widely used in the construction industry, optics, and nanotechnology [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Appearance of the carbonate species due to chemical interaction with the atmosphere agents was detected at the surface of many oxide materials widely used in optical and electronic technologies [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”